Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40221563›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

The 9-item Academic Self-Efficacy (ASE) scale: validity, reliability and measurement invariance across sexes and six Arab nations.

Ali Hemade, Diana Malaeb, Amthal Alhuwailah, Mai Helmy, Muna Barakat, Rabih Hallit, Sami El Khatib, Mohamad Rahal, Syed Arman Rabbani, Reem Alzayer and 6 more

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Ali HemadeFaculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.
Diana MalaebCollege of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Amthal AlhuwailahDepartment of Psychology, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait.
Mai HelmyPsychology Department, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
Muna BarakatDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
Rabih HallitSchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon. hallitrabih@hotmail.com.
Sami El KhatibDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon.
Mohamad RahalSchool of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon.
Syed Arman RabbaniDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
Reem AlzayerClinical Pharmacy Practice, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences (MACHS), Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Nada H FarragSchool of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire-Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt.
Rita El HajjarCollege of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Jinan MallouhCollege of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Sahar ObeidSchool of Arts and Sciences, Social and Education Sciences Department, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
Souheil HallitSchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
Feten Fekih-RomdhaneThe Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry Ibn Omrane, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia. feten.fekih@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Academic self-efficacy (ASE), the belief in one's ability to succeed in academic tasks, plays a crucial role in student motivation, learning, and performance. Reliable measurement of this construct is essential for identifying students' strengths and areas for improvement. This study aims to translate and validate the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale for use among university students from six different Arab countries. Using the Snowball sampling technique, participants (n = 2131), university students six Arab countries (i.e., KSA, UAE, Egypt, Lebanon, Oman, and Kuwait), answered the demographic questions and completed the Arabic Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-8, and the Multidimensional Social Support Scale. Confirmatory Factor Analysis proved a one-factor solution for the ASE scale. Adequate composite reliability was found (ω =.96; α =.96). Convergent and concurrent validity was assessed and proven by a negative correlation with measures of psychological distress and positive correlation with measures of social support. Our translation of the ASE scale was invariant across sexes and countries, with females scoring significantly higher than males. Our Arabic version of the ASE scale is a validated and reliable tool for assessing ASE in Arabic speaking populations, and shall provide means for assessing students' confidence in their academic abilities and help improve student support.

Indexed as

Self EfficacyStudentsAdolescentAdultArabsEgyptFemaleHumansLebanonMaleMiddle EastPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSocial SupportSurveys and QuestionnairesUniversitiesAcademic self-efficacyArabicPsychometric properties

Identifiers

PMID40221563
PMCPMC11993676

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.