SynthesisAmerican journal of preventive medicine2025
Effectiveness of School Fluoride Delivery Programs: A Community Guide Systematic Review.
Synthesis in American journal of preventive medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oral Health Care in the United States.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Dental Caries Prevalence Among Dubai and Northern Emirates Public Schoolchildren: An Epidemiological Retrospective Study (2015-2019).International journal of paediatric dentistry · 2026Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAlthough preventable, dental caries remains highly prevalent. Many children do not receive preventive dental services routinely in clinical settings. This review examined the effectiveness of school (preschool through high school) fluoride varnish delivery programs in preventing caries.
methodsCommunity Guide systematic review methods were followed. In 2024, databases were searched for studies published through December 2023 on school flouride varnish delivery program effectiveness in increasing fluoride varnish receipt and decreasing caries. Included studies had to be written in English, published in peer-reviewed journals, and conducted in upper-middle- or high-income countries. Data synthesis conducted in 2024 used median RR and interquartile interval (IQI) to summarize findings across studies.
resultsOf 31 included studies with 60,780 students, 25 were randomized controlled trials-20 with good quality of execution. Most studies were conducted in low socioeconomic status areas among students at elevated caries risk. School flouride varnish delivery programs reduced caries initiation by 32% (IQI: 21%, 37%) in permanent teeth (19 studies, 25,826 students) and by 25% (IQI: 4%, 37%) in primary teeth (12 studies, 4,304 students). Stratified assessments indicated findings were largely applicable to different settings, populations, and intervention characteristics. Two studies found school flouride varnish delivery programs significantly increased the number of annual flouride varnish applications and 2 found that school flouride varnish delivery program effectiveness was inversely related to socioeconomic status. DISCUSSION: About 30% of states report having no school flouride varnish delivery programs. Possible barriers to implementation include that Medicaid in some states only reimburses dental and medical professionals and does not reimburse non-dental providers for flouride varnish delivered to children older than age 6 years.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
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