Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40219619›Full record

ArticleJournal of public health dentistry2025

Pharmacologic Management of Non-Traumatic Dental Conditions in US Emergency Departments, 2018-2022.

Leah I Leinbach, Xiaobai Li, Timothy Iafolla, Hosam Alraqiq

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of public health dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Leah I LeinbachNational Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-6944
Xiaobai LiNational Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Timothy IafollaNational Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Hosam AlraqiqNational Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 DE999999NIDCR NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study examines opioid and antibiotic prescribing by United States emergency departments (EDs) for non-traumatic dental conditions (NTDCs) between 2018 and 2022.

methodsThis is a secondary analysis of nationally representative ED visits using the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) with an NTDC as the primary discharge diagnosis. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios using chi-squared testing and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine analgesic and antibiotic prescriptions, as well as patient, visit, and hospital characteristics.

resultsThere were 1,838,729 weighted ED visits for NTDCs between 2018 and 2022, 1.3% of all visits. Findings demonstrate a continued decline in NTDC visits resulting in an opioid, with an increase in those with non-opioids. Overall, 25% of NTDC visits included an opioid analgesic in 2022, compared to 33% in 2018. The proportion of visits with non-opioid analgesics increased over the study period; nearly 60% of NTDCs seen in 2020 included a non-opioid analgesic. Overall, 63% included an antibiotic, with the highest proportion observed in 2020 (70%). No increase in the proportion of ED visits for NTDCs was seen between the pandemic years (2020-2022) and the pre-pandemic period (2018-2019).

conclusionsAntibiotics and non-opioid analgesics were a common approach used by ED providers during the pandemic years. Opioid prescriptions for NTDCs declined between 2018 and 2022, while antibiotic prescriptions remained roughly stable. Reducing avoidable opioid and antibiotic prescriptions, and more broadly ED visits for NTDCs, requires a comprehensive approach.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidAnti-Bacterial AgentsEmergency Service, HospitalStomatognathic DiseasesAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedUnited StatesYoung AdultAnalgesics, OpioidAnti-Bacterial Agentsantibioticsemergency department visitsopioid analgesicsoral health

Identifiers

PMID40219619
PMCPMC12354039

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.