Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40218842›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

A Testing and Evaluation Framework for Indoor Navigation and Positioning Systems.

Zhang Zhang, Qu Wang, Wenfeng Wang, Meijuan Feng, Liangliang Guo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zhang ZhangChina Electronics Standardization Institute, Beijing 100007, China.
Qu WangSchool of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6551-6807
Wenfeng WangChina Electronics Standardization Institute, Beijing 100007, China.
Meijuan FengDepartment of Energy and Control Engineering, Shanxi Information Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030012, China.
Liangliang GuoDepartment of Energy and Control Engineering, Shanxi Information Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030012, China.

Funding

Beijing Natural Science Foundation and Haidian Original Innovation L232001Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of ShanXi Province YDZJSX20231D005, YDZJSX2022B019 and YDZJSX20231B017GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation 2024A1515011866 and 2024A1515011480Henan Key Research and Development Program 241111320700National Natural Science Foundation of China 42401521
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The lack of a testing framework for various indoor positioning technologies brings huge challenges to the systematic and fair evaluation of positioning systems, which greatly hinders the development and industrialization of indoor positioning technology. In order to solve this problem, this article refers to international standards, such as ISO/IEC 18305, and uses the China Electronics Standardization Institute's rich experience in indoor positioning technology research and testing to build a universal positioning performance testing and evaluation framework. First, this paper introduces the experimental environment in detail from the aspects of the coordinate system definition, test point selection, building type definition, motion mode definition, and motion trajectory setting. Then, this paper comprehensively measures performance evaluation indicators from dimensions such as the accuracy index, relative accuracy, startup time, fault tolerance, power consumption, size, and cost. Finally, this paper elaborates on the testing methods and processes of positioning precision, accuracy, relative accuracy, floor identification, indoor-outdoor distinction, latency, relative accuracy, success rate, and movement speed tests.

Indexed as

indoor positioning systemsperformance evaluationstandardizationtestingtesting and evaluation

Identifiers

PMID40218842
PMCPMC11991443

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.