Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40218554›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Emerging Applications of Augmented and Mixed Reality Technologies in Motor Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.

Arman Farsi, Giacinto Luigi Cerone, Deborah Falla, Marco Gazzoni

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Arman FarsiLISiN-Laboratory for Engineering of the Neuromuscular System, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8934-1925
Giacinto Luigi CeroneLISiN-Laboratory for Engineering of the Neuromuscular System, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5295-5314
Deborah FallaCentre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1689-6190
Marco GazzoniLISiN-Laboratory for Engineering of the Neuromuscular System, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5939-6212

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAugmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) are emerging technologies with notable potential for motor rehabilitation. Given the novelty and breadth of this field, this scoping review aims to identify how and to what extent AR and MR technologies are used in motor rehabilitation.

methodsWe conducted a search in Scopus and PubMed (2010-2024), following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. In the analysis, we focused on four key aspects: (I) the AR/MR display technologies, (II) the sensors used to collect data to generate the augmented information, (III) the pathologies addressed, and (IV) the assessment of usability and acceptability.

resultsAmong 105 selected studies, 58% developed new prototypes, while 42% tested existing systems. Head-mounted displays were the most common device (56.2%), followed by monitors (34.3%) and video projectors (14.3%). The most commonly used sensors were RGB-D cameras (31.4%), sensors for localization and mapping (33.3%), normal cameras (17.1%), and electromyography sensors (14.3%). Regarding the target pathology, 34.2% of studies did not focus on a specific pathology, 26.7% were on stroke, 10.5% on limb loss, and 9.5% on Parkinson's disease. Over half (51.4%) of the studies investigated usability and acceptance.

conclusionsAR/MR technologies hold promise for motor rehabilitation, but limited comparative studies and long-term investigations currently hinder a clear understanding of their benefits.

Indexed as

Augmented RealityRehabilitationHumansaugmented realitymixed realitymotor rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID40218554
PMCPMC11991573

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.