ArticleBMC ophthalmology2025
Relationship between the axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio and hyperopia reserve in preschool children aged 3 - 6 years.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Short-term efficacy of increasing 0.01% atropine administration frequency in controlling myopia progression in adolescents.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to investigate the association between the axial length (AL) to average corneal curvature (CR) ratio and hyperopia reserve in preschool children.
methodsAL, CR, horizontal and vertical meridians of the corneal radius (CR1, CR2), and 1% atropine cycloplegic refraction were measured in preschool children aged 3 - 6 years. The corneal curvatures were then used to calculate the AL/CR1, AL/CR2, and AL/CR ratios.
resultsA total of 338 children were included, comprising 178 boys (52.7%) and 160 girls (47.3%). The mean values for AL, CR, AL/CR1, AL/CR2, AL/CR, and spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) were 22.11 ± 0.88 mm, 7.77 ± 0.26 mm, 2.80 ± 0.09, 2.90 ± 0.09, 2.85 ± 0.09, and + 2.13 ± 1.46 D, respectively. AL, AL/CR1, AL/CR2, and AL/CR increased with age, showing significant differences among age groups (P < 0.001). Conversely, SER moved from higher hyperopia toward lesser hyperopia with age, also showing significant differences among age groups (P < 0.001). Linear regression equations were established, with Y representing hyperopia reserve and X representing AL/CR: Age 3: Y = 44.67 - 15.02X; Age 4: Y = 33.96 - 11.19X; Age 5: Y = 42.11 - 13.98X; Age 6: Y = 44.94 - 15.00X. These results suggest that the AL/CR ratio could be used to assess hyperopia reserve insufficiency. The optimal cut-off point for the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was ≥ 2.91, with a sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index of 0.84, 0.88, and 0.73, respectively. The critical value of the ROC curve increased with age in children aged 3 - 6 years.
conclusionThis cross-sectional study found that the hyperopia reserve in children of different ages can be estimated using the hyperopia reserve equation. Additionally, the AL/CR ratio can serve as an effective index for detecting hyperopia reserve insufficiency, with an optimal ROC curve cut-off point of ≥ 2.91 in preschool children aged 3 - 6 years, and the critical value increasing with age.
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