ArticleBMC medical imaging2025
C-shaped canal configuration in mandibular second molars of a selected Uyghur adults in Xinjiang: prevalence, correlation, and differences of root canal configuration using cone-beam computed tomography.
Article in BMC medical imaging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Relationship between C-shaped root canal configuration in mandibular second molars and radix entomolaris in mandibular first molars: a CBCT-based study in a Western Chinese population.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Evaluation of various obturation techniques with AH Plus Jet sealer in simulated C-shaped canals.The Saudi dental journal · 2026Article
- CBCT-Based Epidemiological Study of Root and Root Canal Anatomy in Mandibular Second Molars in an Italian Clinical Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Root canal and nasopalatine canal morphology in a Guangxi population: a cone-beam CT study on regional variations.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Assessing the diagnostic performance of MediXpar texture analysis for C-shaped canal morphology on panoramic radiographs: a pilot study.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Intentional Tooth Replantation: Current Evidence and Future Research Directions for Case Selection, Extraction Approaches, and Post-Operative Management.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Imaging Findings of Clinical Significance in Endodontics During Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scanning of the Upper Airway-The Anterior, Bilateral, C-Shaped, Dual of Mandibular Root Canals: A Brief Case Report.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Root and canal morphology of mandibular second molars in a Chinese Kazakh population by cone-beam computed tomography.BMC oral health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine the prevalence of C-shaped root canal system configurations and assess the correlation between C-shaped root canal prevalence and root morphology in mandibular second molars among adults in Xinjiang Uyghur population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND
methodsCBCT imaging data from patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatology Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed. The prevalence of C-shaped root canal configurations in mandibular second molars was determined based on Fan et al.'s classification. Axial sections of each tooth were evaluated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds to identify canal configurations and analyze root morphology. The differences in C-shaped canal prevalence between genders and tooth positions were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test (p < 0.05).
resultsA total of 1748 patients were included, with 510 (29.17%) exhibiting C-shaped root canals. Females exhibited a higher prevalence (31.49%) than males (25.15%). C-shaped canals were more frequently observed on the lingual surface (76.8%) than the buccal surface (22.2%). Bilateral symmetry of C-shaped canals was observed in 64.7% of cases. A significant association was found between C-shaped canals and root morphology (p < 0.001). Among patients with C-shaped canals, 66.9% demonstrated symmetrical configurations. The most common configuration was C3 (present in all axial levels), followed by C1 and C2. Mandibular second molars with three roots or type 3/type 4 morphologies exhibited a high probability of C-shaped canals.
conclusionsC-shaped canals were more prevalent in females and lingually positioned in mandibular second molars. Bilateral C-shaped canals were frequently symmetrical and more common than unilateral cases. Mandibular second molars with three-root or type 3/type 4 morphologies may indicate a high likelihood of C-shaped canals. The most common configuration was C3, followed by C1 and C2, all present across all axial levels. Understanding these anatomical variations preoperatively can improve clinical management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.