Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40216794›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

The simulation and experimental validation of a novel noninvasive multi-target electrical stimulation method.

Kai Zhu, Xiaoqing Zhou, Xu Liu, Ren Ma, Mingpeng Wang, Shunqi Zhang, Tao Yin, Zhipeng Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. [Electric-field modeling, simulation, and experimental analysis of multi-target temporal interference transcranial alternating current stimulation].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kai ZhuInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
Xiaoqing ZhouInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
Xu LiuInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
Ren MaInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
Mingpeng WangTianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, China.
Shunqi ZhangInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
Tao YinInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China. bme500@163.com.
Zhipeng LiuInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China. lzpeng67@163.com.

Funding

CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences 2022-I2M-2-003CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences 2023-I2M-QJ-017Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 3332023169National Natural Science Foundation of China 52077223National Natural Science Foundation of China 81927806
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The brain is a complex system of structure and function. Brain diseases and brain functional abnormalities often involve multiple functionally connected regions, including the deep brain. Studies have shown that multi-target electrical stimulation is more effective than single-target electrical stimulation. However, non-invasive multi-target electromagnetic stimulation, such as multi-target transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) cannot meet the needs of synchronous multi-target accurate electrical stimulation at the deep brain. In this paper, based on the principle of magneto-acoustic coupling and phased array focusing technology, a novel non-invasive multi-target transcranial magneto-acoustic coupling electrical stimulation (multi-target TMAES) method is proposed. A simulation model and experimental system were established. The simulation and experimental results proved that the proposed multi-target TMAES can non-invasively achieve precise focused electrical stimulation of two targets. The average focal point size of each target is 5.1 mm. The location and intensity of the multi-target electrical stimulation can be flexibly changed by adjusting the system parameters according to the actual need. It will provide a new and promising tool for the treatment of brain diseases and the study of neural circuits and brain functional connectivity.

Indexed as

BrainElectric StimulationTranscranial Direct Current StimulationTranscranial Magnetic StimulationComputer SimulationHumansElectrical stimulationHigh spatial resolutionMulti-targetNoninvasive neuromodulation

Identifiers

PMID40216794
PMCPMC11992098

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.