Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40216775›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Differential interactions determine anisotropies at interfaces of RNA-based biomolecular condensates.

Nadia A Erkamp, Mina Farag, Yuanxin Qiu, Daoyuan Qian, Tomas Sneideris, Tingting Wu, Timothy J Welsh, Hannes Ausserwöger, Tommy J Krug, Gaurav Chauhan and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Phase Separation of Nucleic Acids: Mechanisms, Properties, and Applications.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Surface Engineered Biomolecular Condensates for Targeted Cell Cytotoxicity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Nadia A Erkamp *Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, Centre for Misfolding Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4095-2105
Mina Farag *Center for Biomolecular Condensates, James McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6457-6848
Yuanxin Qiu *Center for Biomolecular Condensates, James McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-4548-3057
Daoyuan QianYusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, Centre for Misfolding Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8539-3346
Tomas SneiderisYusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, Centre for Misfolding Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5285-871X
Tingting WuDepartment of Electrical and Systems Engineering, James McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Timothy J WelshYusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, Centre for Misfolding Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Hannes AusserwögerYusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, Centre for Misfolding Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0762-8872
Tommy J KrugJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Gaurav ChauhanCenter for Biomolecular Condensates, James McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2510-8635
David A WeitzJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6678-5208
Matthew D LewCenter for Biomolecular Condensates, James McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. mdlew@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-3292
Tuomas P J KnowlesYusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, Centre for Misfolding Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. tpjk2@cam.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7879-0140
Rohit V PappuCenter for Biomolecular Condensates, James McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. pappu@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-1378

Funding

Understanding the Sequence and Structural Determinants of Phase Behavior of ALS-Causing ProteinsR01NS121114 · NINDS · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI Tanja Mittag, ROHIT V PAPPU · 2021 to 2026
$3.8M
Six-Dimensional Single-Molecule Nanoscopy for Elucidating the Dynamic Organization of BiomoleculesR35GM124858 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Matthew D Lew · 2017 to 2026
$3.3M
Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Inc.) R01NS121114NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM124858NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS121114United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AF Office of Scientific Research) FA9550-20-1-0241
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biomolecular condensates form via macromolecular phase separation. Here, we report results from our characterization of synthetic condensates formed by phase separation of mixtures comprising two types of RNA molecules and the biocompatible polymer polyethylene glycol. Purine-rich RNAs are scaffolds that drive phase separation via heterotypic interactions. Conversely, pyrimidine-rich RNA molecules are adsorbents defined by weaker heterotypic interactions. They adsorb onto and wet the interfaces of coexisting phases formed by scaffolds. Lattice-based simulations reproduce the phenomenology observed in experiments and these simulations predict that scaffolds and adsorbents have different non-random orientational preferences at interfaces. Dynamics at interfaces were probed using single-molecule tracking of fluorogenic probes bound to RNA molecules. These experiments revealed dynamical anisotropy at interfaces whereby motions of probe molecules parallel to the interface are faster than motions perpendicular to the interface. Taken together, our findings have broad implications for designing synthetic condensates with tunable interfacial properties.

Indexed as

Biomolecular CondensatesRNAAdsorptionAnisotropyFluorescent DyesPolyethylene GlycolsFluorescent DyesPolyethylene GlycolsRNA

Identifiers

PMID40216775
PMCPMC11992113

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.