Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40216381›Full record

ArticleAnalytical chemistry2025

Quantification of Brominated Flame Retardants in Synthetic Polymers via Direct Mass Spectrometric Analysis.

Ville H Nissinen, Krista Grönlund, Nea Heilala, Ilkka Rytöluoto, Milad Mosallaei, Kirsi Korpijärvi, Paavo Auvinen, Mika Suvanto, Jarkko J Saarinen, Janne Jänis

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Analytical chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ville H NissinenDepartment of Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-3709-4421
Krista GrönlundDepartment of Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.ORCID 0009-0006-6113-1460
Nea HeilalaDepartment of Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.ORCID 0009-0005-4476-6010
Ilkka RytöluotoVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1300, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland.
Milad MosallaeiVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1300, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland.
Kirsi KorpijärviVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1603, FI-40401 Jyväskylä, Finland.
Paavo AuvinenDepartment of Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-4120-0212
Mika SuvantoDepartment of Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.
Jarkko J SaarinenDepartment of Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.
Janne JänisDepartment of Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-8446-4704

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are persistent organic pollutants commonly encountered in plastics. Herein, we report on the quantification of BFRs directly from plastic samples via direct insertion probe mass spectrometry (DIP-MS). The study was conducted using model polymer samples comprising either acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS) or high impact polystyrene (HIPS) and a BFR, namely decabromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), or tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). DIP-MS enabled direct quantification of decaBDE and TBBPA from both ABS and HIPS matrices. A linear correlation between BFR signal intensity and bromine (Br) content of the samples, as determined by X-ray fluorescence, was established over a Br concentration range of 0-7 wt %, or even higher. While DIP-MS showed potential for HBCD analysis as well, its effectiveness for quantitative HBCD determination remains partly uncertain due to the observed reactivity of HBCD during sample preparation. The detection limits for all studied BFRs were below 500 mg Br/kg. Additionally, the study shed light on matrix effects related to additive analysis by DIP-MS, revealing that the polymer and other additives can affect BFR volatilization and reactivity. Overall, DIP-MS demonstrated significant potential for the rapid quantification of BFRs from plastic samples with minimal sample preparation, which is imperative for promoting more efficient plastic recycling.

Identifiers

PMID40216381
PMCPMC12019777

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.