Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40215298›Full record

ArticleScience advances2025

Make it flow from solid to liquid: Redox-active electrofluids for intrinsically stretchable batteries.

Mohsen Mohammadi, Saeed Mardi, Jaywant Phopase, Filippa Wentz, Jibin J Samuel, Ujwala Ail, Magnus Berggren, Reverant Crispin, Klas Tybrandt, Aiman Rahmanudin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Mohsen MohammadiLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-6500-2205
Saeed MardiLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-7625-1629
Jaywant PhopaseLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-7179-6670
Filippa WentzLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0009-0006-2411-5234
Jibin J SamuelLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0009-0003-9778-4955
Ujwala AilLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-2930-676X
Magnus BerggrenLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-5154-0291
Reverant CrispinLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8845-6296
Klas TybrandtLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9845-446X
Aiman RahmanudinLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9822-2108

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High-capacity stretchable batteries are crucial for next-generation wearables to enable long-term operation and mechanical conformability with the human user. In existing stretchable battery designs, increasing the active material to yield higher capacity often leads to thicker and stiffer solid electrodes with poor mechanical properties. Here, we present a concept that transfers the physical property of a battery electrode from a conventional solid into a fluid state. The mechanical and electrochemical properties of the electrode rely on the viscosity of fluids rather than Young's modulus of solids. Fluids conform easily into any shape with minimal force, making them intrinsically deformable. This decouples the electrochemical and mechanical property of the redox-active electrofluid, leading to higher capacities with more active material loading without stiffening the cell. The cell showed excellent capacity retention over 500 charge-discharge cycles and mechanical robustness up to 100% strain. Our work provides a technological solution for stretchable batteries that balances capacity and mechanical performance.

Identifiers

PMID40215298
PMCPMC11988450

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.