ArticleACS sensors2025
Next-Gen Point-of-Care Tool for Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Urinary Spermine for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis.
Article in ACS sensors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The microbiome across the prostate disease continuum: from health and BPH to prostatitis/CPPS and cancer.Oncogene · 2026Review
- Construction and Characterization of a Novel Direct Electron Transfer Type Enzymatic Sensor Using Spermidine Dehydrogenase.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Nanopore-Based Neurotransmitter Detection: Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.ACS nano · 2025Review
- The Application of Functional Nanomaterials-Based Electrochemical Biosensors in Detecting Cancer Biomarkers: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), the second most common cancer in men, demands effective early detection strategies. Elevated spermine levels in the prostate tissue contrast with decreased urinary concentrations in PCa patients. Here, we present a novel sensing platform combining differential pulse voltammetry and an extended gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) with a molecularly imprinted polymer|molecular imprinting (MIP) nanofilm for selective and sensitive spermine detection. Key advancements include successfully constructing and characterizing a pseudoreference electrode and a precisely engineered analyte binding interface. The Ag/AgCl pseudoreference electrode exhibited high reliability and reproducibility, optimized to enhance conductivity and minimize interference noises. Electrochemical analysis confirmed successful MIP modification, creating a precise 3D-imprinted binding interface. The platform accurately quantified spermine in artificial urine across concentrations from 0.1 to 1000 ng/mL, achieving a detection limit of 1.23 ng/mL. High selectivity was demonstrated against competing polyamines such as spermidine and histamine. Analysis of electrical properties indicated that spermine binding induced changes in surface potential, altering the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor threshold voltage and validating the system's sensitivity. The system's superior performance was confirmed with a high imprinting factor (IF ≈ 4.1) and sensitivity 10 times higher compared to nonimprinted polymers. Hill-Langmuir analysis confirmed a strong binding affinity to spermine. Clinical validation using human urine samples from PCa diagnostic evaluations demonstrated high consistency with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, exhibiting an excellent linear correlation (
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