ReviewEuropean heart journal2025
Aldosterone-targeted therapies: early implementation in resistant hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
Review in European heart journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of baxdrostat add-on in uncontrolled and resistant hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with GRADE certainty-of-evidence assessment.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of lorundrostat in uncontrolled hypertension: a meta-analysis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors for Resistant Hypertension: Pharmacological Insights - A Systematic Review.Drugs · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of aldosterone synthase inhibitors in hypertension: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomised controlled rials.Open heart · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors in Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Lorundrostat in Uncontrolled Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Pooled it
- Kidney function trajectories before and after hospitalization for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.European heart journal · 2025Trial
- Early mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism for end-organ protection in hypertension: Implications for disparities and rethinking the timing paradigm.Dialogues in health · 2026Review
- Comparative Efficacy of Treatments for Resistant or Uncontrolled Hypertension: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Aldosterone excess, blood pressure control, and kidney outcomes in chronic kidney disease: findings from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center-High Risk (CMERC-HI) Study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- [Primary aldosteronism as an independent factor of kidney damage. Potential therapeutic strategies and research prospects].Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Review
- Effects of adrenal ablation on blood pressure and target organ damage in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive rats.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Primary aldosteronism.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Regulated cell death: a multidimensional regulatory network in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Ten tips to control blood pressure in haemodialysis patients.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Hypertension-Induced Renal Injury: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Baxdrostat in Participants with CKD and Uncontrolled Hypertension: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Use in Contemporary Heart Failure Care.Cardiac failure review · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH) often coexists with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the presence of both conditions increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Patients with TRH and CKD exhibit enhanced aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptor expression, which promote inflammation and fibrosis in cardiac and renal tissues, contributing to the development and progression of cardiorenal diseases. Both achieving optimal blood pressure (BP) control and mitigating the risk of aldosterone-related adverse events are cornerstones in the management of patients with TRH and CKD. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are recommended for the treatment of TRH. To date, the efficacy has been investigated in populations with mostly normal renal function. However, the potential risk of hyperkalaemia limits the use of MRAs, particularly in patients with CKD. Non-steroidal MRAs and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors have slowed renal function decline and shown cardiorenal benefits. Additionally, aldosterone synthase inhibitors may emerge as a therapeutic option for patients with TRH. Clinical trials for TRH primarily centred on assessing BP-lowering effects; however, merely lowering BP might not be a sufficient target to prevent a risk of cardiorenal disease progression. This paper presents evidence and potential benefits of aldosterone-targeted therapy in the treatment of TRH and CKD and re-consider the treatment strategies in clinical practice and trial design.
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