Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40214710›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular drugs and therapy2026

Identifying Potential Drug Targets in Coronary Atherosclerosis: Insights from the Druggable Genome and Mendelian Randomization.

Ruikang Liu, Chiyun Sun, Jun Li, Guangyi Yang, Ke Xu, Jiaming Hu, Chao Meng, Xiao Xia, Yonghao Li, Yiying Liu

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Article in Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ruikang Liu *Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Chiyun Sun *Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Jun LiDepartment of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. gamyylj@163.com.ORCID 0000-0003-1550-9419
Guangyi YangGraduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Ke XuGraduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Jiaming HuGraduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Chao MengDepartment of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Xiao XiaDepartment of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Yonghao LiDepartment of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Yiying LiuDepartment of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. liuyiyingl@163.com.

Funding

Central High-level Chinese Medicine Hospital Clinical Research and Achievement Translation Capacity Enhancement Project - Special Project on Formulation R&D and New Drug Translation for Medical Institutions - R&D and Translational Research on Astragalus Gi HLCMHPP2023065China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Innovation Project Innovation Team Projec CI2021B004Major Achievement Guidance Project of Chinese Medicine Science and Technology, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine - Clinical and Mechanistic Study of Warm-Yang and Activate Blood Formula for the Treatment of Post-Infarction Heart Failure ZZ13-ZD-04National Key Research and Development Program - Modernisation of Traditional Chinese Medicine - Research on Innovative Disease Mechanisms of Hypertensive Heart Failure and Its Clinical Identification and Treatment Options 2022YFC3500102National Natural Science Foundation of China Supervised Project - Exploring the mechanism of action of Stabilising Heart Soup in inhibiting post-infarction ventricular remodelling based on the mitochondrial autophagy-dependent iron death FUNDC1-GPX4 axis 82474494Research and Development Special Project on Advantageous Diseases-Hospital Preparations-New Drugs of the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Development of a Traditional Chinese Pharmaceutical Preparation for Treating Angina Pectoris of Coronary ZZ15-XY-CT-08
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aims to identify therapeutic targets for coronary atherosclerosis (CA) using publicly available datasets while exploring its pathophysiologic mechanisms, mediators and potential side effects.

methodsWe conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and single-cell MR analyses integrating identified druggable genes to evaluate the causal relationship between expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and CA in both peripheral and central tissues. Using peripheral protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data, we further validated the identified targets at the proteomic level through summary data-based MR (SMR) and HEIDI tests. Concurrently, mediation MR analysis was employed to investigate potential mechanistic pathways underlying the role of these targets in CA. Additionally, a phenotype-wide MR (Phe-MR) analysis was performed to explore other potential indications for the therapeutic application of the identified targets.

resultsIn conclusion, we identified three CA-associated genes in peripheral tissues (VAMP8, MFGE8 and PDGFD) two CA-associated genes in central tissues (GGCX and NPEPPS). In addition, single-cell MR analyses revealed that GGCX was associated with increased CA risk in excitatory, inhibitory and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, whereas NPEPPS was associated with protection in oligodendrocyte lineage cells. Finally, Phe-MR analyses indicated possible indications and side effects of the targets.

conclusionOur study provides genetic evidence for VAMP8, MFGE8, PDGFD, GGCX and NPEPPS as potential therapeutic targets for CA, highlighting their clinical relevance, associated risks and mediators, and providing valuable insights for the development of novel CA therapeutics.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular AgentsCoronary Artery DiseaseGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMendelian Randomization AnalysisMolecular Targeted TherapyPhenotypePlatelet-Derived Growth FactorProteomicsQuantitative Trait LociSingle-Cell AnalysisCardiovascular AgentsPlatelet-Derived Growth FactorColocalizationCoronary atherosclerosisDruggable genesMendelian randomization

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.