ReviewCells2025
Role of T Follicular Helper Cells in Viral Infections and Vaccine Design.
Review in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- From Innate to Adaptive: Paradigm Shifts and Frontier Challenges in Next-Generation Vaccine Design.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Advances in Nanoparticles as Vaccine Adjuvants.Vaccines · 2026Article
- T Helper Cells and Cytokine Networks in the Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Review
- cTfh Cell Activation and Changes in BTLA and LAG-3 Expression Differentially Associate With Poor Pregnancy Outcome in Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Quantitative systems pharmacology model of B cell immune response in mouse.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Soluble recombinant enterovirus 71 VP1 fused to truncated newcastle disease virus nucleoprotein elicits immune responses in mice.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- First Edition Special Issue on "Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Immune Regulation".Cells · 2025Article
- Article
- Innovation in mRNA Vaccines and RNAi via Protein Nanocages.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a specialized subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes that are essential for the development of long-lasting humoral immunity. Tfh cells facilitate B lymphocyte maturation, promote germinal center formation, and drive high-affinity antibody production. Our current knowledge of Tfh interactions with the humoral immune system effectors suggests that they have a critical role in supporting the immune response against viral infections. This review discusses the mechanisms through which Tfh cells influence anti-viral immunity, highlighting their interactions with B cells and their impact on antibody quality and quantity. We explore the role of Tfh cells in viral infections and examine how vaccine design can be improved to enhance Tfh cell responses. Innovative vaccine platforms, such as mRNA vaccines and self-assembling protein nanoplatforms (SAPNs), are promising strategies to enhance Tfh cell activation. Their integration and synergistic combination could further enhance immunity and Tfh responses (SAPN-RNA vaccines). In summary, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current insights into Tfh cells' role during viral infections, emphasizing their potential as strategic targets for innovative vaccine development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.