ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways related to brain metastasis in breast cancer.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Molecular and Clinicopathological Biomarkers Predicting Brain Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Spatial biology of crowded tumor cells: A new map for designing drug combinations.Current opinion in structural biology · 2026Review
- A prospective study for brain metastasis imaging screening in patients with advanced HER2-positive or triple-negative breast cancer.ESMO open · 2026Article
- Case Report: Pathological complete response yet early brain relapse in HER2-positive breast cancer: a case-based review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Brain metastasis in breast cancer (BCBM) significantly threatens the survival and quality of life of patients, particularly those with triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive subtypes. It involves complex molecular mechanisms and diverse signaling pathways. This review highlights recent research on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of BCBM. The process of BCBM includes several key steps: local infiltration of cancer cells into the bloodstream and subsequent spread to the brain. They must then overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to establish and grow in the brain. Multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, STAT3, NF-κB, Notch, and Wnt are involved in this process. Overall, BCBM is a complex disease regulated by multiple molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. To improve patient survival and quality of life, it is crucial to deepen research into the mechanisms of BCBM and explore new treatment targets and strategies. This will enhance our understanding of BCBM and lead to more effective treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.