SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2025
A system review of neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade for breast cancer.
Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics associated with pathological complete response in neoadjuvant immunotherapy for breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Association between the expression status of programmed cell death ligand 1 and the efficacy of pan-cancer neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Mutation of rearranged during transfection (RET) is associated with enhanced tumor immunogenicity and favorable outcomes in pan-cancer immunotherapy.The oncologist · 2026Article
- Integrated analysis identifies CD276 in fibroblasts as a malignancy predictor and regulator of neutrophil infiltration in hepatoblastoma.Hepatology communications · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The clinical application of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based neoadjuvant therapy has been approved in breast cancer since 2021. However, no studies have evaluated its efficacy and safety in randomized and non-randomized settings. Additionally, there exists controversy about which specific subpopulation can benefit from this management strategy. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for prospective clinical trials of ICB-based neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer. Information regarding pathological complete response (pCR), event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) were pooled to estimate the efficacy and safety. Hazard ratio, relative risk (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Among 22 eligible trials including 6134 women with resectable breast cancer, there were 11 randomized studies with 5574 patients. Pooled analysis on pCR (RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.20-1.58; Conclusion: The combination of ICB with conventional neoadjuvant treatment is associated with favorable clinical outcomes and importantly, increased grade 3+ toxicities. Clinicians should meticulously monitor patients to minimize the risk of treatment discontinuation in individuals with potentially curable breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.