Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40213155›Full record

ArticleMaterials today. Bio2025

Immunomodulating platelet-mimicking nanoparticles for AIE-based enhanced photodynamic immunotherapy against lung cancer.

Yuan Zhang, Zhiji Wang, Jia Wang, Ya Lin, Huimin Gao, Pengpeng Wang, Shuangfei Zhu, Huae Xu, Xiaolin Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials today. Bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens: Emerging Theranostic Platforms for Pulmonary Diseases.Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yuan ZhangDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Zhiji WangDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Jia WangDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Ya LinDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Huimin GaoDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Pengpeng WangDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Shuangfei ZhuDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Huae XuDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Xiaolin LiDepartment of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lung cancer has become the leading cause of cancer related death worldwidely. Nowadays, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) plays an important part in the treatment of lung cancer. However, immunologically cold tumor microenvironment (TME) hinders the therapeutic effect of ICIs. Herein, immunomodulating platelet-mimicking nanoparticles (DM@PM NPs) were designed by encapsulating the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) photosensitizer DTZ-TPA-DCN with acidic-sensitive bond modified DSPE-PEG-MET (MET, metformin) and then coating with a platelet membrane (PM). Notably, DM@PM NPs can selectively accumulate in tumor profiting from the tumor-targeting and antiphagocytic capabilities of PM. In the acidic tumor tissues, the acidic-sensitive released MET of DSPE-PEG-MET plays as a kind of ICI and degrades PD-L1 expression in TME. MET also facilitates AIE photosensitizer induced photodynamic therapy (PDT) via blocking mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, thus dramatically promotes immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells which could convert cold tumor to hot and facilitates MET realizing enhanced immunotherapy against cancer in turn. What's more, sub-lethal ROS induced by DM@PM NPs could also directly activate immune cells. Overall, we proposed an intelligent and cross-regulatory platelet-mimicking drug loading nano-carrier that could achieve photodynamic immunotherapy against in situ and distant tumors, which provides a potential for clinical therapy of lung cancer.

Indexed as

Aggregation-induced emissionAnti-tumorImmunotherapyMetforminPD-L1Photodynamic therapy

Identifiers

PMID40213155
PMCPMC11982056

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.