ArticleSmall science2023
Branching Ionizable Lipids Can Enhance the Stability, Fusogenicity, and Functional Delivery of mRNA.
Article in Small science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 Components for Genome Editing.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- Structural evolution of ionizable lipids for nucleic acid delivery.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2026Review
- mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccines: current status, challenges and future prospects.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Ligand-Mediated Reprogramming Redirects Liver-Tropic Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles for Lung-Selective mRNA Delivery.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Hydrophobic Tail and Linker Diversification of PEG-Lipids Unlocks Precise Muscle Tropism of mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticles.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mechanical insights into regulation of bio-nano interactions for lipid-based nanocarriers.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Microfluidic-Driven Assembly of RNA Nanocomplexes: Design, Process Control and Translational Perspectives in Oncology.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Muscle-targeting LNP vaccines enable potent immune responses against varicella zoster virus.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Balancing Multivalent Avidity and Receptor Availability Governs mRNA Delivery by Antibody-Functionalized Lipid Nanoparticles.Nano letters · 2026Article
- Thioester-Containing Ionizable Lipids with Enhanced Endosomal Escape and Biodegradability for mRNA and tRNA Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Design, Synthesis, and Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic 1,4-Dihydropyridines Containing Branched Ester Moieties.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Possible Ways of Reducing Adverse Events Associated with mRNA Vaccines Encapsulated in Lipid Nanoparticles.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Replacing Helper Lipids With Cationic Lipids Enhances mRNA Lipid Nanoparticles Stability in Solution.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Optimization of lipid nanoparticles loaded with ribonucleoprotein-oligonucleotide complexes for in vivo delivery of a CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting hepatitis B virus.Virus research · 2026Article
- Tissue-specific mRNA delivery and prime editing with peptide-ionizable lipid nanoparticles.Nature materials · 2026Article
- Design of cationic ionizable lipids for the delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Review
- Rational design and applications of piperazine and cyclohexane ionizable lipids for PKU and SSADH deficiency.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- mRNA vaccine platforms and novel delivery systems: From mechanistic principles to clinical translation.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Carbon dot-lipidoid nanocarriers for superiorly biocompatible nasal mRNA cancer vaccination.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ionizable lipids with branched tails have been used in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)-based messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics like COVID-19 vaccines. However, due to the limited commercial availability of branched ingredients, a systematic analysis of how the branched tails affect LNP quality has been lacking to date. Herein, α-branched tail lipids are focused, as they can be synthesized from simple commercially available chemicals, and the length of each chain can be independently controlled. Furthermore, symmetry and total carbon number can be used to describe α-branched tails, facilitating the design of a systematic lipid library to elucidate "structure-property-function" relationships. Consequently, a lipid library is developed containing 32 different types of α-branched tails. This library is used to demonstrate that branched chains increase LNP microviscosity and headgroup ionization ability in an acidic environment, which in turn enhances the stability and in vivo efficacy of mRNA-LNPs. Of the branched lipids, CL4F 8-6 LNPs carrying Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA could achieve 54% genome editing and 77% protein reduction with a single dose of 2.5 mg kg
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.