Personalized Rehabilitation for Residual Deficits: Tailoring Perceptual Learning for Improved Visual Function in Meridional Amblyopia.

Purpose: This study explored the efficacy and predictors of success for a novel monocular fine orientation discrimination perceptual learning (fine-PL) approach in addressing perceptual deficits in meridional amblyopia (MA). Design: Prospective, longitudinal study. Participants: Fifty-three children with persistent MA participated in this study. Methods: Twenty-one participants underwent a 14-day regimen of monocular fine-PL focused on grating orientation discrimination exercise (±5°) aligned with the vertical or horizontal meridian near each individual's threshold spatial frequencies. Nineteen participants underwent coarse orientation discrimination perceptual learning (coarse-PL), and 13 participants received optical correction alone. Main Outcome Measures: Measurements included both the best-corrected and uncorrected visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity function (CSF), and stereoacuity, with daily VA assessments during the training. Results: Significant improvements were observed in uncorrected VA (increased by 1.3 lines, Conclusions: Fine-PL offers targeted rehabilitation for perceptual distortions in MA, with early responses during training serving as potential predictors of success. This personalized approach effectively addresses residual deficits beyond optical correction, offering a promising noninvasive option for visual function improvement. Financial Disclosures: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.