ArticleSmall science2024
State of the Art in Actuation of Micro/Nanorobots for Biomedical Applications.
Article in Small science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Label-Free Refractive-Index-Based Detection of Breast, Leukemia, and Prostate Cancer Cells Using a Tetra-Core PCF SPR Biosensor.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Liquid Crystal Polymers as Intrinsically Magnetic and Programmable Soft Materials for Microrobotics.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Next-generation biomedical nanorobots: active design, intelligent control, and translational opportunities in regenerative and minimally invasive medicine.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Shaping Function: Polymeric 3D Systems With Unconventional Geometries for Biomedical Applications.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-Based Micro/Nanorobots for Advanced Biomedical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Development of pH-Dependent Magnetically Actuated Millirobot for Colon-Targeted Delivery of Diverse Drug Types.Micromachines · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in MEMS Actuators for Microfluidic Applications: Emerging Designs, Multiphysics Modeling, and Performance Optimization.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Enzymatic microbubble robots.Nature nanotechnology · 2026Article
- Miniature Robotic Swimmer with Precise 2D Motion Control via Acoustic Vortex-Induced Propulsion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Embodied Cross-Domain Intelligence in Biomedical Microrobots: A Review.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- AI-Integrated Micro/Nanorobots for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances in Design, Fabrication, and Functions.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Therapeutic applications of nanobots and nanocarriers in cancer treatment.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2025Review
- Autonomous chemo-metabolic construction of anisotropic cell-in-shell nanobiohybrids in enzyme-powered cell microrobots.Science advances · 2025Article
- A Multifunctional Capsule-like Puncture Biopsy Robot for the Gastrointestinal System.Micromachines · 2025Article
- Localized Microrobotic Delivery of Enzyme-Responsive Hydrogel-Immobilized Therapeutics to Suppress Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Surface motion dynamics and swimming control of planar magnetic microswimmers.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advancements in Micro/Nanorobots in Medicine: Design, Actuation, and Transformative Application.ACS omega · 2025Review
- Advanced Microrobots Driven by Acoustic and Magnetic Fields for Biomedical Applications.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Modeling Electrowetting on Dielectric for Novel Droplet-Based Microactuation.Micromachines · 2024Article
- Biohybrid Micro/Nanorobots: Pioneering the Next Generation of Medical Technology.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The emergence of micro/nanorobotics stands poised to revolutionize various biomedical applications, given its potential to offer precision, reduced invasiveness, and enhanced functionality. In the face of such potential, understanding the mechanisms that drive these tiny robots, especially their actuation techniques, becomes critical. Although there is a surge in research dedicated to micro/nanorobotics, there exists a gap in consolidating the diverse actuation strategies and their suitability for biomedical applications. This comprehensive review seeks to bridge this gap by providing an in-depth evaluation of the current actuation techniques employed by micro/nanorobots, particularly emphasizing their relevance and potential for clinical translation. The discussion starts by elucidating the different actuation strategies, ranging from magnetic, electric, acoustic, light-based, to chemical and biological mechanisms. Then, various examples and meticulous assessment of each technique are offered, spotlighting their respective merits and limitations within a biomedical context. This review illuminates the transformative capabilities of these actuation methods in medicine. It not only highlights the progress made in this burgeoning field but also underscores the areas that require further exploration and development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.