ArticleSmall science2025
Optimal Biofunctionalization of Gold Nanoislands for Electrochemical Detection of Soluble Programmed Death Ligand 1.
Article in Small science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Soluble programmed death ligand-1 (sPD-L1), a pivotal immune checkpoint protein, serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of cancer therapies. Aptamers, as highly stable and specific recognition elements, play an essential role in emerging point-of-care diagnostic technologies. Yet, crucial advancements rely on engineering the intricate interaction between aptamers and sensor substrates to achieve specificity and signal enhancement. Here, a comprehensive physicochemical characterization and performance optimization of a sPD-L1 aptamer-based biosensor by a complementary set of state-of-the-art methodologies is presented, including atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, providing critical insights on the surface coverage and binding mechanism. The optimal nanoaptasensors detect sPD-L1 across a wide concentration range (from am to μm) with a detection limit of 0.76 am in both buffer and mouse serum samples. These findings, demonstrating superior selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, pave the way for engineering miniaturized point-of-care and portable biosensors for cancer diagnostics.
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