Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40212584›Full record

ReviewiScience2025

Spinal implant wear particles: Generation, characterization, biological impacts, and future considerations.

Renata Ganko, Aswini Madhavan, Waeel Hamouda, Sathish Muthu, Amit Jain, S Tim Yoon, Hiba El-Rozz, Divya Cyril, Moreica Pabbruwe, Joanne L Tipper and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Intradural migration of a lumbar disc prosthesis: first reported case and review of the literature.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Beyond the two-year trial: real-World failure mechanisms of the simplify cervical disc.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Renata GankoSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Eng and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
Aswini MadhavanSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Eng and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
Waeel HamoudaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Research, and Teaching Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Sathish MuthuDepartment of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Karur, India.
Amit JainDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
S Tim YoonDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Hiba El-RozzSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Eng and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
Divya CyrilSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Eng and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
Moreica PabbruweCentre for Implant Retrieval and Analysis, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
Joanne L TipperSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Eng and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
Javad TavakoliSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Eng and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The generation of wear debris from orthopedic implants is a known cause of implant failure, particularly in joint replacements. While much research has focused on wear particles from knee and hip implants, spinal implants, such as total disc replacements (TDRs), have received less attention despite their increasing clinical use. Spinal implants face unique biomechanical challenges, including a wider range of motion and higher loads, leading to complex tissue interactions. Studies reveal that TDR wear particles, though similar in size to those from knee implants, cause a stronger immune response, with more macrophages and giant cells found in the surrounding tissue. This may explain the high revision rates seen in spinal surgeries, with some interventions failing in over 30% of cases within 10 years. The younger population undergoing spinal surgery, combined with the productivity losses associated with implant failure, underscores the need for greater understanding. This review discusses recent research on the generation, characterization, and biological impacts of spinal implant wear debris. It draws on retrieval analysis, wear simulation,

Indexed as

BioengineeringNeuroscience

Identifiers

PMID40212584
PMCPMC11982499

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.