A Prospective Study on the Detection of Gastric Neoplasms Using Pepsinogen and Gastrin-17 Levels.

Background/Aims: GastroPanel tests include gastrin-17 (G-17) levels in addition to pepsinogen (PG) and Methods: Consecutive individuals who underwent serological testing were included from May 2023 to August 2024. Foreigners and those with gastrectomy, renal insufficiency, previous Results: Among the 1,101 participants, 122 were diagnosed with gastric neoplasms. High G-17 levels (odds ratio [OR], 1.030; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.008 to 1.052), low I/II ratios determined by GastroPanel tests (OR, 0.834; 95% CI, 0.779 to 0.894), and low I/II ratios determined by HBI PG assays (OR, 0.584; 95% CI, 0.511 to 0.668) were significant variables for detecting gastric neoplasms. The cutoff values for low I/II ratios were <6.15 (GastroPanel test) and <3.005 (HBI assay), with no differences in diagnostic performance between the two tests (p=0.085). Although the I/II ratio alone was a significant independent variable for detecting early gastric cancers, advanced gastric cancers, adenomas, and neuroendocrine tumors, the G-17 level alone was significant only for adenomas and neuroendocrine tumors. The findings of the patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors did not differ from those of the controls. Conclusions: Blood test findings are useful for detecting gastric neoplasms, except for gastrointestinal stromal tumors. The addition of G-17 levels to PG tests is only beneficial for diagnosing gastric neoplasms associated with corpus atrophy, such as adenoma and neuroendocrine tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05883345).