Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40211401›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2025

Assessing the well-being of PhD scholars: a scoping review.

Naheed Mahsood, Usman Mahboob, Muhammad Asim, Neelofar Shaheen

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. When peer review drags on: the harm to early career researchers.Frontiers in research metrics and analytics · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Naheed MahsoodDepartment of Medical Education, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Usman MahboobInstitute of Health Professions Education and Research, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. usman.mahboob@kmu.edu.pk.
Muhammad AsimInstitute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Neelofar ShaheenDepartment of Health Professions Education and Research, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGaining insight into the well-being of PhD scholars is essential for cultivating a nurturing academic environment that boosts their efficiency and adds to the overall excellence of higher education. Our scoping review aimed to comprehensively map and analyse the current body of literature on the well-being of PhD scholars, identify important themes and gaps, and offer valuable insights for future studies and interventions to improve the overall well-being of PhD scholars.

methodsWe conducted a scoping review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis-Scoping Review extension as per the Joanna Briggs Institute Protocol guidelines. A systematic search was performed across search engines and databases, including Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL Ultimate, and Web of Science. The data were retrieved from inception to May 2024. All identified records were gathered and imported into the Covidence Software for screening, removing duplication, and final selection by the review team. The socio-ecological framework was used as a theoretical framework to analyse the data thematically.

resultsThe search across five databases resulted in the identification of 3,391 records, supplemented by an additional 25 records from Google Scholar as grey literature. Following the application of the eligibility criteria and thorough deliberation by the review team, 63 records were included in the review. Inductive thematic analysis systematically identified a conceptual framework encompassing the description of PhD scholars' well-being. The results revealed a comprehensive understanding of the concept of the well-being of PhD scholars, identifying themes at the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy levels.

conclusionThe scoping review highlighted the complex, diverse, and multifaceted nature of PhD scholars' well-being, emphasising the need for comprehensive and tailored interventions at the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy levels to enhance their overall well-being.

Indexed as

Education, GraduatePersonal SatisfactionResearch PersonnelHumansAcademic EnvironmentMental HealthPhD ScholarsScoping ReviewSocio-ecological FrameworkWell-being

Identifiers

PMID40211401
PMCPMC11984241

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.