Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40211267›Full record

ArticleBMC nursing2025

Spiritual care competencies among nursing students in the middle East and Asia: a systematic review.

Inggriane Puspita Dewi, Hartiah Haroen, Hana Rizmadewi Agustina, Tuti Pahria, Nita Arisanti, Preeya Keawpimon

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Article in BMC nursing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Inggriane Puspita DewiDoctoral Nursing Student, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadajaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. inggriane23001@mail.unpad.ac.id.
Hartiah HaroenNursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Hana Rizmadewi AgustinaNursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Tuti PahriaNursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Nita ArisantiPublic Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadajaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Preeya KeawpimonDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Prince of Songkhla University, Pattani Campus, Thailand.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Spiritual care is recognized as a crucial component of holistic nursing education, significantly enhancing patient well-being, health outcomes, and decision-making. However, a systematic evaluation of spiritual care education programs in the Middle East and Asia remains limited. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of spiritual care education programs in enhancing undergraduate nursing students' competencies in these regions. Following PRISMA-P guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024552137), the study employed the PICOS framework for selection criteria: Participants (undergraduate nursing students), Intervention (spiritual nursing education programs), Comparison (education without spiritual content), Outcomes (spiritual care competencies), and Study design (RCT or quasi-experiment). Searches were conducted in Cochrane, Medline, PubMed, Sage, and Scopus from April to May 2024. Multiple reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment using ROB 2 and ROBIN-I tools. A narrative synthesis approach explored data relationships and theoretical applications. Out of 1,350 reviewed articles, 10 studies involving 749 nursing students from Iran, Taiwan, and Turkey met the inclusion criteria. The interventions spanned from one month to a full semester and combined theoretical learning with clinical practice. The findings indicate that education in spiritual care significantly enhances students' self-awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practical skills. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating spirituality into nursing curricula to promote a holistic approach to patient care. Limitations of the study include differences in study designs, selection bias, variability among participants, and reliance on self-reported data. Future research should aim for longitudinal studies to evaluate long-term effects and create culturally sensitive assessment tools for measuring spiritual competencies.

Identifiers

PMID40211267
PMCPMC11987466

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.