ArticleScientific data2025
Global extent and change in human modification of terrestrial ecosystems from 1990 to 2022.
Article in Scientific data, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mycorrhizal strategy of non-native plants varies with biome and disturbance.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Beyond the silos: A global evidence synthesis of biodiversity, water, food, health and climate nexus interactions.iScience · 2026Review
- High Early Embryo Mortality and Low Hatching Success Observed in Aldabra Giant Tortoise Populations.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Global inequality in roadkill burden concentrates collision risk on threatened species in low- and middle-income countries.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The forest of knowledge under global change.Nature · 2026Article
- Assessment of Nontarget Small Mammal Occupancy Using Broadly Designed Camera Arrays.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Natives Against Invaders: Shared Use of Space and Temporal Segregation of Clouded Tiger-Cats (Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- A Plant-Diversity Dark Spot at the Intersection of Three Biodiversity Hotspots: Environmental Drivers of Brassicaceae Richness in Türkiye.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Decoding human tRNA modifications and crosstalk by enhanced single-read analysis.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Functional saturation of Earth's habitable domains: constraints on land systems and potential in marine environments.Frontiers in systems biology · 2026Review
- Assessing Changes in Grassland Species Distribution at the Landscape Scale Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Habitat loss and degradation associated with industrial development is the primary threat and dominant driver of biodiversity loss globally. Spatially-explicit datasets that estimate human pressures are essential to understand the extent and rate of anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems and are critical to inform conservation commitments and efforts under the Global Biodiversity Framework. We leveraged the human modification framework to generate comprehensive, consistent, detailed, robust, temporal, and contemporary datasets to map cumulative and individual threats associated with industrial human activities to terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystems from 1990 to 2022. In ~2022, 43% of terrestrial lands had very low levels of modification, while 27%, 20%, and 10% had low, moderate, and high modification, respectively. Nearly 2/3 of biomes and 1/2 of ecoregions currently are moderately-modified, and 24% of terrestrial ecosystems (31 M km
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.