ArticleMolecular neurobiology2025
Most L1CAM Is not Associated with Extracellular Vesicles in Human Biofluids and iPSC-Derived Neurons.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Markers and Enrichment Strategies for Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Current Evidence, Limitations and Future Directions.Neuromolecular medicine · 2026Review
- Restoration of Neuronal Metabolism and Memory in Alzheimer's Disease by Reprogramming the Exosomal microRNA Network.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Review
- Chronic stress-induced brain-derived small extracellular vesicles promote colorectal cancer through Treg differentiation.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Article
- The New Spine of Access to the Brain's Secrets: Extracellular Vesicles from Cerebrospinal Fluid Liquid Biopsies in CNS Diseases and Blood-Brain Barrier Research.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Exosome Biology at the Interface of Neurodegeneration and Therapeutic Innovation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Blood-Based α-Synuclein Biomarkers in Parkinson's Disease: Molecular Diversity, Analytical Advances and Clinical Translation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke: Drivers of Brain-Body Network Crosstalk.Translational stroke research · 2026Review
- A Biological Framework for Parkinson's Disease: Advances in α-Synuclein-Centered Biomarkers and Staging.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- Neuron-Enriched Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNAs Reflect Hormone-Sensitive Neural Pathway Changes from Early to Late Perimenopause.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Global Research Trends, Hotspots and Collaborative Networks in Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Multi-Database Bibliometric Analysis.Neuroinformatics · 2026Article
- Tetraspanin-based immunocapture for high-depth proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles from cerebrospinal fluid for biomarker discovery.Clinical proteomics · 2026Article
- Unveiling the Proteomic Landscape of Extracellular Vesicles: Implications for Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles as minimally invasive biomarkers and therapeutic platforms in rare neurological diseases.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Differential microRNA profiling of blood L1CAM and bulk extracellular vesicles in bipolar disorder.Epigenomics · 2025Article
- Distinct microRNA profiles in neuron-derived extracellular vesicles between recent-onset and chronic-phase schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- ICAM-5: A Novel Marker for Neuronally Derived Extracellular Vesicles.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Serum sEV miRNAs as Biomarkers in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles in Niemann pick disease type C: current knowledge and future opportunities.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Transmembrane L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is widely used as a marker to enrich for neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially in plasma. However, this approach lacks sufficient robust validation. This study aimed to assess whether human biofluids are indeed enriched for EVs, particularly neuron-derived EVs, by L1CAM immunoaffinity, utilizing multiple sources (plasma, CSF, conditioned media from iPSC-derived neurons [iNCM]) and different methods (mass spectrometry [MS], nanoparticle tracking analysis [NTA]). Following a systematic multi-step validation approach, we confirmed isolation of generic EV populations using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and polymer-aided precipitation (PPT)-two most commonly applied EV isolation methods-from all sources. Neurofilament light (NfL) was detected in both CSF and blood-derived EVs, indicating their neuronal origin. However, L1CAM immunoprecipitation did not yield enrichment of L1CAM in EV fractions. Instead, it was predominantly found in its free-floating form. Additionally, MS-based proteomic analysis of CSF-derived EVs also did not show L1CAM enrichment. Our study validates EV isolation from diverse biofluid sources by several isolation approaches and confirms that some EV subpopulations in human biofluids are of neuronal origin. Thorough testing across multiple sources by different orthogonal methods, however, does not support L1CAM as a marker to reliably enrich for a specific subpopulation of EVs, particularly of neuronal origin.
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