ArticleNature communications2025
Associations between national plant-based vs animal-based protein supplies and age-specific mortality in human populations.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Macronutrient mixtures and interactions in health and disease.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Dietary diversity in Mediterranean countries is characterized by amino acid and fatty acid profiles.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Food- and Nutrient-Based Dietary Patterns and Depression in Korean Adults: A Machine Learning Approach Using KNHANES 2016-2021.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Multi-objective optimization of national dietary guidelines: balancing nutrition, environment, and economy.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Food environment with high plant-based fat supply is associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) protection: a global study with more than 150 countries.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transitions to sustainable food systems require shifts in food production and availability, particularly the replacement of animal-based protein with plant-based protein. To explore how this transition may relate to demographic patterns, we undertake an ecological analysis of global associations between age-specific mortality, total national macronutrient distributions, and protein substitution. Our dataset includes per capita daily food supply and demographic data for 101 countries from 1961-2018. After adjusting for time, population size, and economic factors, we find associations between low total protein supplies and higher mortality rates across all age groups. Early-life survivorship improves with higher animal-based protein and fat supplies, while later-life survival improves with increased plant-based protein and lower fat supplies. Here, we show that the optimal balance of protein and fat in national food supplies, which correlates with minimal mortality, varies with age, suggesting that reductions in dietary protein, especially from animal sources, may need to be managed with age-specific redistributions to balance health and environmental benefits.
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Registered trials
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