ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2025
Routes of Marijuana Use - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 22 U.S. States and Two Territories, 2022.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Tobacco and cannabis use in the young 'Not in Employment, Education or Training' population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Modes of cannabis administration, cannabis and tobacco co-use, and associations with respiratory and cannabis use outcomes in a permissive medical cannabis state.Addictive behaviors · 2026Article
- Effects of phytocannabinoids, synthetic and semi-synthetic cannabinoids on microglia and astrocytes: Review of neuroinflammatory mechanisms.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2026Review
- "Cannabis Green Wave" versus "Nicotine Freeze": the regulatory paradox of cannabis liberalization and nicotine prohibition.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Procedural Challenges in the Analysis of Toxic Metals in Electronic Cannabinoid Delivery System Aerosols Produced for Vaping Cannabinoids.Journal of testing and evaluation · 2026Article
- Drug-laced vaping-implications and emerging perioperative challenges for the anesthesiologist: a narrative review.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2026Review
- Cannabis Use and Risk of Periodontitis and Adverse Oral Health Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Characteristics of cannabis warnings in the United States: A content analysis.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Use of Medical Cannabis Beyond Pain Management in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.Archives of internal medicine research · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Correlates of HIV and Marijuana Use: Peripheral Biomarkers and Cognitive Function.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- The Association Between Sociodemographic Factors and co-Use of Cigars or Cigarillos with Cannabis.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Redefining Recovery: The Expanding Cannabis Landscape and Its Implications for the California Sober Approach in Addiction.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2026Article
- Narrowing and Reversing Sex Gaps in Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder Among Adolescents and Young Adults.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- A cross-sectional analysis of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data to determine if tobacco and cannabis methods of administration are likely to be consistent across products.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Reasons for cannabis use among adults with disabilities: Findings from the 2023-2024 National Survey on Health and Disabilities.Disability and health journal · 2026Article
- Measuring commercial cannabis availability: findings from a multi-state surveillance study in the US.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Perioperative Repercussions of Cannabis Use-Implications for GI Endoscopy Sedation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Prevalence and trends in cannabis use disorder and cannabis poisoning among Medicaid enrollees: a multistate analysis, 2011-2022.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Current marijuana use is associated with lower circulating α-Klotho levels in US adults even after adjusting for tobacco use: A national cross-sectional analysis of NHANES.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Access to and use of cannabis in the United States has increased as new product types emerge in the marketplace, and as additional states legalize its use for medical and nonmedical purposes. To tailor education messages for preventing adverse health effects of cannabis use, understanding the routes of use of these products in the general population is important. The 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System included a newly revised optional marijuana module comprising questions on marijuana routes of use among adults aged ≥18 years who used marijuana during the past 30 days (current use). Twenty-two states and two territories administered the optional marijuana module in 2022. Weighted prevalences (with 95% CIs) of current and daily or near-daily marijuana use, as well as prevalence of each route of use, were reported overall and by demographic characteristics and, among women aged ≤49 years, by pregnancy status. Among the 15.3% of respondents who reported current marijuana use, smoking was the most frequent route (79.4%), followed by eating (41.6%), vaping (30.3%), and dabbing (inhaling heated concentrated cannabis) (14.6%). Vaping and dabbing were most prevalent among persons aged 18-24 years. Intervention measures intended for persons who smoke cannabis are important; however, understanding health outcomes associated with other routes of use might have substantial public benefit.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.