Observational studyJournal of global health2025
Assessing the cost of illness of RSV and non-RSV acute respiratory infections in Nepali children.
Observational study in Journal of global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Causes and Contributing Factors of In-Hospital and Post-Discharge Mortality Among Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Report from the inaugural 2025 Asia-UK Maternal-Neonatal Infection and Immunity Network (AMMuNet) symposium.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- The economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus and other acute respiratory infections among children <2 years old seeking care at a tertiary facility in Accra, Ghana.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Estimating the economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection among children <2 years old seeking care in North-West Nigeria.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness of introducing a maternal vaccine or long-acting monoclonal antibody to prevent infant respiratory syncytial virus disease in Nepal.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization costs, rates, and seasonality in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear the greatest burden of the global respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) morbidity and mortality, but lack cost data to evaluate the health-economic impact of RSV burden on families, the healthcare system, and society. This prospective observational study was performed by the RSV GOLD III - Health Economic Research Group and estimated the costs associated with RSV illness in Nepal. Methods: We collected healthcare resource utilisation data from children <2 years old fulfilling the World Health Organization (severe) acute respiratory infections ((S)ARI) case definition over one local respiratory season (July to November 2023) at two public hospitals in Nepal. We used hospital records and caregiver interviews to collect direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect cost data to generate total per-patient costs. Results: We included 730 patients with a mean age of 6.8 (standard deviation = 5.8) months. RSV infection was confirmed in 72.6% of the inpatients (n/N = 469/646) with SARI. The mean total cost per RSV episode was USD 43 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 25-62) for non-severe, USD 312 (95% CI = 293-332) for severe, and USD 664 (95% CI = 381-947) for life-threatened patients. Of the total costs, the healthcare system incurred USD 16 (36.3%), USD 58 (18.6%), and USD 57 (8.6%) in each category of illness. Household-level costs were 1.4% (USD 19) of the country's gross domestic product per capita for non-severe, 15.1% (USD 200) for severe, and 35.7% (USD 472) for life-threatened patients, with costs for inpatients often reaching catastrophic levels. Conclusions: Our findings show a significant healthcare and economic burden of RSV illness in Nepal, highlighting the need to prioritise RSV prevention strategies. Our cost burden data can inform the modelling of costs and benefits of future RSV interventions in Nepal.
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