ReviewDiscover oncology2025
Sophorolipids as anticancer agents: progress and challenges.
Review in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sophorolipids (SLs) are considered effective biosurfactant for cancer treatment, which can efficiently inhibit the viability of various cancer types including breast, lung, liver, cervical and colon cancers. Their mechanism of action targets apoptosis and operates at the level of caspase enzymes, upregulation and downregulation of the B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-family proteins, and changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability. The binding of SLs to the cancer cell receptors modulates the expression of Bax, APAF1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-x, and triggers the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol which further activates caspase-3/9 pathways leading to apoptosis. SLs also increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in cancer cells that activates pro-apoptotic JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways and induce apoptosis through the activation of caspase (3, 6 and 7) pathways. Recently, the integration of anticancer drugs like doxorubicin hydrochloride into SL based nanoparticles (SLNPs) enhanced stability, biocompatibility, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy. Besides, doxorubicin and resveratrol conjugated NPs induced apoptosis in resistant breast cancer cells by down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2, NF-kB and efflux transporters. However, several challenges exist regarding the stability of SLs under physiological conditions, targeting specific cancer cells, and their clinical applications. This study provides updated concepts on the formulations and properties of different types of SLs, their mechanism of anticancer action and applications in nanotechnology for targeted drug delivery system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.