ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2025
The risk and cost of drug-drug interactions in an older population acutely admitted to hospital in Ireland.
Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Updating the potentially inappropriate medication (PIM)-China criteria for 2024: a Delphi consensus study for improved medication safety in older adults.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) are associated with greater healthcare costs; drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a common cause of ADRs.
aimTo estimate the risk and cost of ADR-related hospital admission associated with DDI-exposure versus no DDI-exposure in an older community-dwelling population.
methodThis is a secondary analysis of a cohort study among 798 older individuals admitted acutely to hospital in Ireland (2016-2017). Full medication-history (pre-admission) was used to measure severe DDIs. Hospital costs were derived from unit costs. Logistic regression and propensity score weighting was used to examine the association between DDI-exposure and ADR-related hospital admission. Quantile regression was used to examine median costs associated with DDI-exposure. Adjusted odds-ratios (aORs), adjusted median costs, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported.
resultsN = 782 (98%) individuals using ≥ 2 drugs were included. Mean age: 80.9(SD ± 7.5) years; 52.2% female; 45.1% with an ADR-related admission. Pre-admission, n = 316 (40.4%) patients had any severe DDI, n = 466 unexposed; n = 113 (14.5%) had a DDI which increases bleeding risk, n = 669 unexposed. The risk of ADR-related hospital admission associated with any severe DDI was aOR = 1.02 [95% CI: 0.82, 1.28]), and aOR = 1.83 [95% CI: 1.35, 2.44]) for DDIs which increase bleeding risk. The median cost of ADR-related hospital admission associated with any severe DDI versus none, was €880 [- 1205, 3055]; and €3,520 [- 934, 7974] for a DDI which increases bleeding risk versus none.
conclusionDDIs which increase bleeding risk were associated with greatest ADR-related hospital admission risk and highest costs for the healthcare system. Further research examining these DDIs is needed.
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