ArticleJournal of inflammation research2025
Interleukin -39 Expression in Pleural Effusion and Its Diagnostic Value for Tuberculous Pleurisy.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Interleukin-39 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapy Target for Sepsis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Combining ADA, IFN-γ, and IL-6 as host biomarkers enhances diagnosis of paucibacillary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.Communications medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess Interleukin-39 (IL-39) levels in various types of pleural effusion (PE), explore IL-39's diagnostic value in tuberculous pleurisy, analyze its correlation with other PE and tuberculosis indicators, and confirm the involvement of IL-39 in tuberculosis infection and the resulting inflammatory response. Methods: This study enrolled 113 patients with PE caused by different etiologies: 20 with transudative effusion, 39 with malignant pleural effusion (MPE), 15 with uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion (UPPE), and 39 with tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure IL-39, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in the pleural fluid (PF) of each group. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was determined using the colorimetric method. Results: IL-39 concentration was notably higher in the TPE compared to others. The IL-39 demonstrated an AUC of 0.944, with a cut-off value of 39.8 pg/mL, sensitivity of 94.9%, and specificity of 79.7% in distinguishing between the TPE and non-TPE. In discriminating between the TPE and MPE, the AUC for IL-39 was 0.941, with a cut-off value of 39.3 pg/mL, sensitivity of 94.9%, and specificity of 79.5%. For differentiating the TPE and UPPE, IL-39 yielded an AUC of 0.885, with a cut-off value of 235.0 pg/mL, sensitivity of 66.7%, and specificity of 100.0%. Moreover, based on these findings, multivariable diagnostic model and the rapid combination of IL-39 with other tuberculosis biomarkers (such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and ADA) significantly enhanced the diagnostic and differential diagnostic performance for TPE. Additionally, IL-39, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and ADA levels in PF were positively correlated with each other. Conclusion: IL-39 demonstrated good diagnostic and differential diagnostic value for TPE. Furthermore, the multivariate diagnostic model, as well as the joint detection of IL-39 with other tuberculosis biomarkers, can further increased the sensitivity or specificity. Additionally, IL-39 exhibited positive correlations with other tuberculosis biomarkers, suggesting its potential involvement in tuberculosis infection and the inflammatory response it may induce.
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