ArticleFrontiers in neuroanatomy2025
Fenestrations of cerebral arteries and their correlation with brain aneurysms.
Article in Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Fenestration of the intracranial artery is an anatomical remnant from the embryonic development of the vascular system. A cerebral aneurysm is a focal pathological dilation of the arterial wall. The occurrence of an aneurysm at the site of fenestration is rare in cerebral circulation but may have potential clinical implications. This study aimed to identify the frequencies of fenestrations and aneurysms, their locations, and their relationships. The vasculature of 35 adult brains was used for micromorphological dissection and analysis under a stereoscopic microscope, following an arterial injection with a mixture of formaldehyde, melted gelatin, and the solution of India ink. Additionally, we analyzed another group of vascular casts obtained from 15 brains injected with methyl methacrylate (MMA). A fenestration of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was sectioned for histological analysis. We also examined computed tomography (CT) angiograms of 1,230 patients, analyzed the data, and compared the findings with anatomical observations. In our group of 50 anatomical specimens, fenestrations were found in 12 brains (24%), affecting different cerebral arteries, with three cases showing double fenestrations on the same vessel. Aneurysms were observed in six brains (12%), always one per brain, with one case (2.00%) involving an aneurysm associated with the wall of a fenestration. Analysis of CT angiograms from 1,230 patients showed 26 arterial fenestrations (2.11%) in 26 patients, 28 aneurysms (2.28%), and one case (0.08%) where an aneurysm arose from a fenestration. The presence of an aneurysm on a fenestrated cerebral artery is a rare phenomenon, occurring far less frequently than isolated fenestrations or aneurysm formation.
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