ArticleAnnals of botany2025
An updated phylogeny of Boraginales based on the Angiosperms353 probe set: a roadmap for understanding morphological evolution.
Article in Annals of botany, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluating the African arid corridor hypothesis: A meta-analysis including the phylogenetic and biogeographical history of Sesamothamnus.American journal of botany · 2026Pooled it
- Nuclear phylogenomic analysis of Allium (Amaryllidaceae) species from Kazakhstan reveals incomplete lineage sorting and gene flow.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Reinstatement ofPhytoKeys · 2026Article
- PhytoKeys · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsBoraginales, a subcosmopolitan order with ~2700 species in currently 11 families, has seen fluctuating classification at the family and generic levels. Gynoecium and fruit morphology have been pivotal in morphological classifications, but a systematic evaluation based on anatomical and ontogenetic data has not been attempted.
methodsWe revisited the phylogenetic relationships in Boraginales by analysing 162 newly sequenced samples using the Angiosperms353 probe set, together with existing data from 88 samples. Our sampling covers >80 % of the genera and all currently and previously recognized families. A morphological assessment of taxonomically important gynoecial and fruit characters was done to guide our proposed family-level classification. KEY
resultsThe phylogenies are largely consistent with previous phylogenetic studies, with better resolution overall and support from both datasets (exons, supercontigs) and all analyses implemented (coalescence, ASTRAL-Pro3, concatenation). The placement of Hydrophyllaceae as nested within Namaceae is a novel result, while the placement of the parasitic Lennoaceae as nested within Ehretiaceae is confirmed with maximum confidence. The placement of Codonaceae remains ambiguous: retrieved within Boraginales I, as sister to the clade comprising Wellstediaceae and Boraginaceae based on exons, and as sister branch to all remaining Boraginales II based on supercontigs. We propose the recognition of a total of nine families in Boraginales. Tribal relationships in Boraginaceae subfam. Cynoglossoideae are fully resolved for the first time. Our data show that shifts in placentation and ovule number are instrumental for the arisal of complex internal ovary architectures.
conclusionsThe results highlight the effectiveness of the Angiosperms353 probe set for understanding the evolutionary history of Boraginales and pave the way for resolving remaining unresolved nodes and taxonomic issues. Complex modifications of bicarpellate ovaries led to an extreme and lineage-specific diversification of fruits that probably played a crucial role in Boraginales macroevolution. Combining this highly resolved phylogeny with future critical morphological analyses promises a deep understanding of evolutionary trajectories in Boraginales.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.