ArticleOrthodontics & craniofacial research2025
Isometric Reflection Analysis of Mandible Symmetry in JIA Patients: Semi-Automatic Novel 3D Approach.
Article in Orthodontics & craniofacial research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Orthodontic and Maxillofacial Surgery Treatment in Achondroplasia for Orofacial Alterations: A Systematic Review and Preliminary Age-Stratified Guidelines.Orthodontics & craniofacial research · 2026Pooled it
- Mitigating Monomer Leaching and Resin-Related Hypersensitivity in Removable Orthodontics Through Bio-Inspired Surface Modifications: A Narrative Review.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ultrasound to Assess the Temporomandibular Joint of Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Systematic Review.International journal of dentistry · 2026Review
- Noninvasive Ultrasound Imaging in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Diagnostic and Findings on the Temporomandibular Joint-A Prospective Study.International journal of dentistry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study introduces a novel semi-automated 3D approach using isometric reflection for evaluating craniofacial symmetry in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The defects caused in growing patients were analysed either bilaterally or unilaterally at the condyle head, condylar area and the whole hemimandible.
methodsPatients were recruited according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, subsequently divided into three groups: unilateral, bilateral and healthy controls. The cone beam of each patient was segmented into three different sections for each hemimandible. The isometric reflection method was applied to each segment, allowing three-dimensional superimposition along with all the volumes.
resultsSeventy-two patients aged 16-23 showed a mean reduction of 34.5% in condyle body volume, 34.6% in condyle head and 10.6% in the whole hemi-mandible of unilateral cases. Bilateral cases exhibited more symmetrical patterns compared to unilateral cases (5.1%-14.3%) while healthy controls showed near-perfect symmetry (2.2%-3.8%). Root mean square (RMS) and mean distance across all three mandibular sections confirmed significantly greater deviations in unilateral cases.
conclusionsThe new approach allowed for the visual analysis of the 3D asymmetry between the affected side and the normal side and to quantify them numerically. The unilateral involvement might inhibit growth up to the mandibular body, while bilateral involvement showed values similar to healthy controls.
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Registered trials
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