Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40204798›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Predicting diabetic kidney disease with serum metabolomics and gut microbiota.

Yuyun Hu, Xue Ni, Qinghuo Chen, Yihui Qu, Kanan Chen, Gaohui Zhu, Minqiao Zhang, Ningjie Xu, Xu Bai, Jing Wang and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. New Insights into the Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Kidney Disease in the Omics Era.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Pathological Alterations in Human Blood Microbiome-An Updated Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Yuyun HuSchool of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
Xue NiSchool of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
Qinghuo ChenDepartment of Nephrology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
Yihui QuDepartment of Nephrology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
Kanan ChenDepartment of Nephrology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
Gaohui ZhuDepartment of Endocrinology, Ningbo Zhenhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Minqiao ZhangDepartment of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Xiangshan, Ningbo, 315700, China.
Ningjie XuDepartment of Nephrology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
Xu BaiDepartment of Nephrology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
Jing WangDepartment of Nephrology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
Yanhong MaDepartment of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Qun LuoDepartment of Nephrology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
Kedan CaiSchool of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China. caikedan@ucas.edu.cn.

Funding

Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China 2023KY283Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China 2024KY039National Natural Science Foundation of China 82200782Project of Ningbo Leading Medical & Health Discipline, China 2022-S03the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China LY20H05005Xiangshan County Science and Technology Plan Project - Research Fund Project, China 2023C6014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to identify biomarkers for reliably predicting diabetic kidney disease (DKD), systematically characterize serum metabolites and gut microbiota in DKD patients, and investigate the correlation between differential serum metabolites and gut microbiota. From September 2021 to January 2023, 90 subjects were recruited: 30 with DKD, 30 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 30 normal controls (NCs). Serum metabolites, including 180 different metabolites, were analyzed using untargeted metabolomics UPLC-MS/MS, and gut microbiota were assessed via 16S rRNA sequencing. Differential metabolites were identified through univariate (t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.05) and multivariate analyses (OPLS-DA model, VIP > 1, P < 0.05), followed by selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). The selected overlapping serum metabolites, along with DKD-associated differential gut microbiota, were used to develop a logistic regression prediction model for DKD based on six markers. In the DKD group compared to the DM and NC groups, 39 and 60 differential serum metabolites were identified, respectively (VIP > 1, P < 0.01). Among these, 36 serum metabolites, including alpha-Hydroxyisobutyric acid, were significantly elevated in DKD patients compared to those with DM. Of these, 28 metabolites showed a negative correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), while 29 showed a positive correlation with urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR). Patients with DKD were further categorized into subgroups (DKD middle and DKD early) based on eGFR (eGFR < 90 ml/min/1.73m

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NephropathiesGastrointestinal MicrobiomeMetabolomicsAdultAgedBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMetabolomeMiddle AgedRNA, Ribosomal, 16SBiomarkersRNA, Ribosomal, 16SDiabetic kidney disease; serum metabolites; gut microbiota; diagnostic markers

Identifiers

PMID40204798
PMCPMC11982385

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.