ArticleCell2025
Autoimmune mechanisms elucidated through muscle acetylcholine receptor structures.
Article in Cell, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pathogenic properties of myasthenia gravis AChR autoantibodies associate with clinical response to efgartigimod.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Neuro-immune interactions in tumors, immune-related disorders, and infections.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Advances in Targeting Central Cholinergic Dysfunction for Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Pharmacotherapy to Neuromodulation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Muscle-Specific Kinase Signaling and Its Therapeutic Potential.Muscle & nerve · 2026Review
- Bispecific chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells eliminate acetylcholine receptor-specific B cells in myasthenia gravis models.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Narcolepsy is (not) an autoimmune disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Interferon regulatory factor 1 enhances T cell differentiation in patients with myasthenia gravis.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Monoclonal antibody passive experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis: current progress and future directions.Cell & bioscience · 2026Review
- Protocol for stable cell line production to express muscle-type nicotinic receptor.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Engineered Bi-Specific AChR CAAR T Cells for Selective Elimination of Myasthenia Gravis B Cells.Research square · 2026Article
- Atlas-Guided Nanocarrier Strategies Targeting Spatial NTRK2/MAPK Signaling in EGFR-TKI-Resistant Niches of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- New Insights into Neuromuscular Junction Biology: Evidence from Human and Animal Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Polyclonal glycine receptor aAbs: a challenge for personalized epitope characterization.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Neurotransmitters and Immunity: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Potential Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2025Review
- Therapeutic IgG- and IgM-specific proteases disarm the acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies that drive myasthenia gravis pathology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- AChR Autoantibody Pathogenic Properties Are Heterogeneously Distributed and Undergo Temporal Changes Among Patients With Myasthenia Gravis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Efgartigimod following plasma exchange in the treatment of subjects with generalised myasthenia gravis: study protocol for a multicentre, three-arm, open-label study.BMJ neurology open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by acetylcholine (ACh) binding to its ionotropic receptors (AChRs) at neuromuscular junctions. In myasthenia gravis (MG), autoantibodies target AChRs, disrupting neurotransmission and causing muscle weakness. While treatments exist, variable patient responses suggest pathogenic heterogeneity. Progress in understanding the molecular basis of MG has been limited by the absence of structures of intact human muscle AChRs. Here, we present high-resolution cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the human adult AChR in different functional states. Using six MG patient-derived monoclonal antibodies, we mapped distinct epitopes involved in diverse pathogenic mechanisms, including receptor blockade, internalization, and complement activation. Electrophysiological and binding assays revealed how these autoantibodies directly inhibit AChR channel activation. These findings provide critical insights into MG immunopathogenesis, uncovering unrecognized antibody epitope diversity and modes of receptor inhibition, and provide a framework for developing personalized therapies targeting antibody-mediated autoimmune disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.