ArticleScience advances2025
Hybrid locomotion at the insect scale: Combined flying and jumping for enhanced efficiency and versatility.
Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bio-inspired functional recursion enables multi-mode locomotion in a 140-mg morphing microrobot.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Article
- Feline-Inspired Robot Enabled by Combustion-Driven Actuators for Agile Motion and High-Payload Obstacle Traversal.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Robotic leaping enhanced by thrust-induced hypogravity, achieving precise, predictable, and extended jumps.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Springtail-inspired compliant hinge enables terrain-adaptable takeoff in insect-scale robots.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- From one tree to the canopy: an evolutionary design trajectory for tethered robotics in forest environments.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2026Article
- Aerial and ground locomotion of winged drones powered by a single actuator.npj Robotics · 2026Article
- Aerobatic maneuvers in insect-scale flapping-wing aerial robots via deep-learned robust tube model predictive control.Science advances · 2025Article
- An Insect-Scale Flapping-Wing Micro Aerial Vehicle Inspired by Tumblers Capable of Uncontrolled Self-Stabilizing Flying.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Insect-scale robots face two major locomotive challenges: constrained energetics and large obstacles that far exceed their size. Terrestrial locomotion is efficient yet mostly limited to flat surfaces. In contrast, flight is versatile for overcoming obstacles but requires high power to stay aloft. Here, we present a hopping design that combines a subgram flapping-wing robot with a telescopic leg. Our robot can hop continuously while controlling jump height and frequency in the range of 1.5 to 20 centimeters and 2 to 8.4 hertz. The robot can follow positional set points, overcome tall obstacles, and traverse challenging surfaces. It can also hop on a dynamically rotating plane, recover from strong collisions, and perform somersaults. Compared to flight, this design reduces power consumption by 64 percent and increases payload by 10 times. Although the robot relies on offboard power and control, the substantial payload and efficiency improvement open opportunities for future study on autonomous locomotion.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.