Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40202690›Full record

ReviewHealth care management science2025

Reinforcement learning for healthcare operations management: methodological framework, recent developments, and future research directions.

Qihao Wu, Jiangxue Han, Yimo Yan, Yong-Hong Kuo, Zuo-Jun Max Shen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Health care management science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Materials and System Design for Self-Decision Bioelectronic Systems.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Qihao WuDepartment of Data and Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Jiangxue HanDepartment of Data and Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Yimo YanDepartment of Data and Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Yong-Hong KuoDepartment of Data and Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. yhkuo@hku.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6170-324X
Zuo-Jun Max ShenFaculty of Engineering and Business School, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Funding

Health Bureau 21222881University Grants Committee 27200419
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

With the advancement in computing power and data science techniques, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful tool for decision-making problems in complex systems. In recent years, the research on RL for healthcare operations has grown rapidly. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, RL has played a critical role in optimizing decisions with greater degrees of uncertainty. RL for healthcare applications has been an exciting topic across multiple disciplines, including operations research, operations management, healthcare systems engineering, and data science. This review paper first provides a tutorial on the overall framework of RL, including its key components, training models, and approximators. Then, we present the recent advances of RL in the domain of healthcare operations management (HOM) and analyze the current trends. Our paper concludes by presenting existing challenges and future directions for RL in HOM.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health CareMachine LearningCOVID-19HumansPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Approximate dynamic programmingHealthcare operationsHealthcare services deliveryMarkov decision processNeural networksReinforcement learning

Identifiers

PMID40202690
PMCPMC12137509

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.