Bibliometric analysis of the use of pathological techniques in camel research.

Background: Camel pathology research has evolved significantly over the past five decades, reflecting the growing recognition of camels' importance in agriculture, zoonotic disease control, and economic contributions. However, there has been limited evaluation of research trends, thematic advancements, and international collaborations in this field. Aim: This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of camel pathology research published between 1971 and 2024. The study identified key research themes, assessed collaboration patterns, and highlighted gaps to guide future research efforts in camel pathology. Results: The analysis included 297 research articles retrieved from Scopus. A steady increase in publications was observed, with a notable surge after 2010 due to advancements in molecular techniques and rising global interest in camel health. Thematic analysis identified well-established motor themes, such as camel histopathology and tuberculosis, while basic themes, such as infertility and postmortem studies, were found to be underexplored. Collaboration analysis revealed the dominance of Saudi Arabia and Egypt, emphasizing their pivotal role in camel research. However, under- represented regions, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, showed limited participation in collaborative networks. Conclusion: This study highlights the transition from traditional pathological techniques to advanced molecular and epidemiological approaches, enabling better disease detection, diagnosis, and management in camels. Despite significant progress, the slower adoption of cutting-edge technologies in certain regions indicates the need for targeted capacity-building initiatives. By addressing these gaps and fostering international collaborations, camel pathology research can contribute to sustainable development, improved public health, and improved global food security.