ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Global, regional, and National Burden of chronic kidney disease attributable to dietary risks from 1990 to 2021.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease: From Epidemiology and Pathophysiology to Clinical Prediction and Treatment Options.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2026Review
- Analysis and comparison of the trends in the burden of motor neuron disease in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021.PloS one · 2026Article
- Global and regional burden of four drug use disorders in the elderly, 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of disease study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Global burden of chronic kidney disease due to hypertension attributable to dietary risks in adults aged 25 years and older: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of gastric cancer attributable to diet high in sodium from 1990 to 2021.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Global burden and trends of hypertension-related chronic kidney disease attributable to high body mass index or low physical activity: an analysis based on global burden of disease study 2021 data.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
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Abstract
Background: Dietary risks are increasingly reported as a cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the trends in the burden of CKD attributable to dietary risks have yet to be fully elucidated. Methods: This study extracted two major indicators related to CKD caused by dietary risks from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database for the years 1990 to 2021, including deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). It used estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and percentage change to assess the trends in the burden of CKD caused by dietary risks. The relationship between Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and disease burden was also further analyzed. Additionally, we utilized the contemporary age-period-cohort model from NORDPRED to project future burden of CKD attributable to dietary risks. Results: In 2021, globally, the number of deaths due to CKD caused by dietary risks was 317,010, and the number of DALYs was 7,971,281, approximately 2-3 times that of 1990, and it was expected to continue to rise before 2040. The global death rates and DALY rates of CKD related to dietary risks had increased, with EAPCs of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.69) and 0.39 (95% CI: 0.35 to 0.42), respectively. From a gender perspective, men were more likely to suffer from CKD due to dietary risks. From an age pattern perspective, in 2021, the number of deaths due to CKD caused by dietary risks peaked among men aged 70-74 and women aged 85-89. Additionally, the highest number of DALYs due to CKD caused by dietary risks was observed among men and women aged 65-69. In terms of socioeconomic factors, from 1990 to 2021, as the SDI increased, the age-standardized death rates and DALY rates due to CKD caused by dietary risks generally decreased. Among the seven dietary habits related to dietary risks, low vegetable intake, low fruit intake, and high sodium intake had the greatest impact. Conclusion: In summary, over the past 32 years, the burden of CKD attributable to dietary risks has rapidly increased globally, and it is expected to continue rising until 2040. Therefore, interdisciplinary actions involving education, policy, and healthcare should be taken to mitigate this growing trend.
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