ArticleFrontiers in aging neuroscience2025
β2-microglobulin and cognitive decline: unraveling the mediating role of the Dunedin Pace of Aging methylation.
Article in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Serum Protein Profiling of Patients at Risk to Develop Gastric Disease Based on a DSC Test.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- β2-Microglobulin Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction Accompanied by Bronchial Epithelial Cell Senescence.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- Proteomics of aging: biomarkers for physiological systems and diseases.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Research progress on the interaction between multiple organ-brain axes and perioperative neurocognitive disorders: a narrative review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Progressive cognitive decline is inevitable with aging. Growing evidence links β2-microglobulin (B2M) to aging and cognitive decline. However, the current evidence is inadequate to establish a definitive association. This study aims to investigate the relationship between B2M levels and cognitive performance, together with the mediating effect of the pace of biological aging. Methods: Utilizing the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, cognitive performance was measured via the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), while the pace of biological aging was quantified using a new generation DNA methylation algorithm, Dunedin Pace of Aging methylation (DunedinPoAm). Weighted multivariable linear regression was used to explore the relationship between B2M levels and cognitive performance. Furthermore, subgroup analysis and interaction tests were performed to assess the relationship's stability. Mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the mediating effect of DunedinPoAm on the association between B2M levels and cognitive performance. Results: The study included 1,267 participants aged 60 and over. After correcting for all confounders, for each one-unit increment in log-transformed B2M levels, the DSST score fell by 5.13 points (95%CI -9.03 to -1.24), while the level of DunedinPoAm increased by 0.04 (95%CI 0.01-0.07). The analysis of the trend test yielded identical results ( Conclusion: These findings suggested a substantial link between elevated B2M levels and cognitive decline among U.S. older adults, partly mediated through the faster pace of aging. This correlation highlights the potential of B2M as a biomarker for early detection and therapeutic intervention of aging-related cognitive decline.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.