Antiviral activity of

Introduction: The Getah virus (GETV) is a zoonotic arbovirus causing disease in humans and animals, a member of the Methods: The cytotoxic effects of ESG on BHK-21 cells were quantitatively evaluated through the MTT assay. Quantitative analysis of viral replication was performed using qRT-PCR, while E2 protein expression was analyzed through western blotting. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations were conducted to examine the binding affinity between the principal bioactive constituents of ESG and the E2 structural proteins. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of ESG in alleviating viremia was evaluated in GETV-infected mouse models. Results: The results showed that ESG significantly attenuated the cytopathic effects induced by GETV infection in BHK-21 cells, concurrently reducing both viral replication and E2 protein expression. Notably, ESG exhibited its most potent antiviral activity during the viral attachment and entry phases, with IC50 values of 3.69 μg/mL and 3.94 μg/mL, respectively. At a concentration of 10 μg/mL, ESG achieved 95.08% inhibition efficiency against viral attachment. Furthermore, in vivo studies revealed that ESG treatment significantly reduced the peak viral load and shortened the duration of viremia in GETV-infected mice. The main components of ESG are baicalin and baicalein, and molecular docking simulations demonstrated strong binding affinities between these compounds and the active site of GETV E2 protein, with docking scores of -6.99 kcal/mol for baicalin and -5.21 kcal/mol for baicalein. Conclusion: The experimental findings demonstrate that ESG exhibits significant antiviral efficacy against GETV infection both