ArticleItalian journal of pediatrics2025
Co-infection in unvaccinated infants with acute pertussis in Western China (2018-2019): pathogen distribution and impact on disease severity.
Article in Italian journal of pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early risk stratification for ICU admission in hospitalized children with pertussis: development and internal validation of an admission-time prediction model.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and macrolide resistance analysis of pertussis in children: a retrospective study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Resurgence ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Molecular epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in a pediatric hospital in Jinan City, China, 2022 to 2024.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Co-infection in pediatric pertussis during 2023 and 2024 in southern China: pathogen distribution characteristic and influence on manifestation of pertussis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- A retrospective study on pediatric pertussis: comprehensive evaluation of symptoms, laboratory indicators, and diagnostic efficacy of case definitions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCo-infections in pertussis patients are common, but there has been limited research on the distribution of co-infecting pathogens and their impact on disease severity in infant patients remaining unvaccinated against pertussis. This study aims to investigate the pathogen distribution in unvaccinated infants with acute pertussis and explore how the number and type of co-infecting pathogens influence disease severity.
methodThis cross-sectional study analyzed clinical data from 302 unvaccinated infants diagnosed with acute pertussis in western China. We compared clinical variables across different co-infection groups (bacteria, viruses, bacterial-viral combinations) and by the number of co-infecting pathogens (0, 1, ≥ 2).
resultsOf the 302 patients, 121 (40.1%) were infected solely with Bordetella pertussis, while 181 (59.9%) had co-infections with other pathogens. The most common co-infections were bacterial (93 of 139 cases), particularly Gram-negative bacteria, followed by viral co-infections, mainly parainfluenza virus type-3 (PIV-3), in 71.3% of viral cases. The number of co-infecting pathogens was positively associated with longer hospital stays, more severe pneumonia, and higher incidence of respiratory failure (P < 0.05). Notably, bacterial co-infections were associated with more severe clinical outcomes than viral co-infections, with significant differences in hospitalization duration, as well as in peak white blood cell and lymphocyte counts (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in co-infection types or pathogen numbers across different age groups.
conclusionCo-infections are prevalent among unvaccinated infants with acute pertussis in western China. Bacterial and viral pathogens are the most common co-infecting agents, and disease severity increases with the number of co-infecting pathogens. Bacterial co-infections may lead to more severe outcomes compared to viral co-infections, underscoring the need for targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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