ArticleBMC cancer2025
Hypothyroidism following immunotherapy predicts more postoperative complication in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Article in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Submental island flap reconstruction in the era of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy: a propensity score-matched cohort study in oral squamous cell carcinoma.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- The association between diabetes and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: evidence from clinical cohort and bioinformatics analyses.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the impact of hypothyroidism that develops following immunotherapy on surgical outcomes in patients diagnosed with oral cancer.
methodsPatients with surgically treated oral cancer following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy were retrospectively enrolled. Impact of hypothyroidism on postoperative complication were analyzed.
resultsIn total, 303 patients were enrolled. In comparison to patients with normal thyroid function, patients with subclinical or overt hypothyroidism did not exhibit a significantly increased risk of surgical site infection, but both conditions were associated with a higher risk of fistula formation and wound debridement. The cohort suffering from subclinical hypothyroidism exhibited odds ratios (ORs) of 1.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-5.47] for fistula development and 1.95 [95% CI: 1.27-6.98] for wound debridement. Patients with overt hypothyroidism had a 2.03-fold higher risk of fistula formation (95% CI: 1.35-6.24) and a 2.17-fold higher risk of wound debridement (95% CI: 1.20-7.53). The rate of wound debridement escalated to 40.0% when both hypothyroidism and diabetes were present simultaneously; in contrast, it diminished to 20.0% in cases of isolated hypothyroidism, 12.1% in individuals with diabetes alone, and a mere 5.2% in patients devoid of both conditions. The incidence of fistula formation was most pronounced in patients with coexisting diabetes and hypothyroidism, followed closely by 6.7% in those with solely hypothyroidism. The occurrence of fistulas was remarkably rare among patients with only diabetes or those lacking both factors.
conclusionsHypothyroidism induced by neoadjuvant immunotherapy exerts a considerable negative impact on the formation of fistulas and wound debridement in patients with locally advanced oral cancer, an effect that may be exacerbated by the presence of diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.