SynthesisBMC gastroenterology2025
Risk factors for enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence and risk factors for feeding intolerance in geriatric patients following nasogastric tube nutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and Tolerability of Non-Routine Gastric Residual Volume Monitoring in Mechanically Ventilated Adults Receiving Early Enteral Nutrition: A Randomised Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial.Nursing in critical care · 2026Trial
- Association between age and outcomes of evidence-based feeding protocol versus usual care in critically ill patients: secondary analysis of a multicenter cluster-randomised controlled trial.Journal of intensive care · 2026Article
- Exploring the incidence and influencing factors of acute gastrointestinal injury in ICU patients undergoing mechanical ventilation: a retrospective cohort study.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Precision nutrition in critical illness: a phase-specific framework from acute feeding to post-ICU recovery.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Advancements in research on feeding intolerance to enteral nutrition in neurocritical patients undergoing sedation and analgesia.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- The influence of refined enteral nutrition intervention on nutritional status and feeding intolerance in critically ill stroke patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- An evaluation based on explainable machine learning: analysis of risk factors for enteral nutrition-related diarrhea in patients with severe stroke.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Elevated Intra-Abdominal Pressure as a Prognostic Marker of Enteral Nutrition Intolerance and Adverse Outcomes in Neurocritical Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026Article
- Post-operative early enteral nutrition intolerance in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery: current status and nursing strategies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Risk stratification of postoperative enteral feeding intolerance using explainable machine learning in oral cancer free flap reconstruction.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Development and evaluation of a machine learning-based risk prediction model for enteral feeding intolerance in sepsis patients.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Gut barrier-microbiota crosstalk in sepsis: from pathogenesis to potential therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Drug-induced gastric motility disorders: A disproportionality analysis from the FAERS and CVARD databases.PloS one · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal complications in intensive care.Medical review (2021) · 2025Review
- Development and evaluation of a risk prediction model for enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in intensive care units.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the factors influencing enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in critically ill patients.
methodsPubMed, Embase, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, WanFang and CBM databases were searched. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to explore the influence of individual studies on the pooled results of the included studies using a fixed-effects model or a random-effects model. The pooled results were expressed as the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls). Finally, a funnel plot was developed to describe the publication bias.
resultsTwenty-three studies involving 30,688 participants were included. Meta-analysis results showed that age, body mass index (BMI), APACHE II score, renal insufficiency, digestive system diseases, hypoproteinemia, sepsis, and post-pyloric feeding, starting feeding within 48 h, feeding pattern, nutritional formula, sedative drugs, vasoactive drugs, use of more than two antibiotics, oral potassium preparation, mechanical ventilation, days of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and mortality were the influencing factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in critically ill patients. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the direction of the pooled effect size did not change after excluding each study one by one, suggesting that the results of the meta-analysis were robust.
conclusionsAccording to the influencing factors, medical staff can pay attention to the high-risk patients at ICU admission to reduce the risk of feeding intolerance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.