ArticlePloS one2025
Disparities between native americans and white individuals in global outcome trajectories over the 5 years after traumatic brain injury: A model systems study.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Substance Use and Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from a Rural Trauma Center.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Observational
- Factors Associated With Persistent Symptoms Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.JAMA network open · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTraumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to a host of challenges and negatively impacts Native Americans more than any other ethnic group in the U.S. Despite this, little research exists on Native Americans with TBI. The current study examined disparities in global outcome trajectories (overall level of function post-injury) between Native Americans and White individuals in the 5 years following TBI and whether sociodemographic or injury-related characteristics could account for this disparity.
methodThe current study used a sample of 75 Native Americans demographically matched by sex, age, and injury severity to 75 White individuals from the U.S. Traumatic Brian Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) database (n = 150). A series of hierarchical linear models (HLMs) was used to examine longitudinal global outcome trajectories between the two groups.
resultsNative Americans showed lower global outcome scores than their White counterparts with this difference worsening (i.e., growing larger) over time. The difference in scores and the differential movement over time were associated with differences between the ethnic groups in employment at the time of injury, substance use patterns, and type of insurance.
conclusionThis study highlights the need for identification of and early intervention for risk factors that predict disparities in rehabilitation outcomes and points to the need for greater access to culturally informed care for Native Americans with TBI.
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