Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40198508›Full record

ArticleInfection2025

Geographic origins, transmission hotspots, and drug resistance mutations of HIV-1 CRF08_BC in Zhejiang Province, China.

Hehe Zhao, Jun Jiang, Chengliang Chai, Xiaohong Pan, Fan Lyu, Hui Xing, Yi Feng, Wei Cheng, Guixia Li, Jianhua Mei and 5 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Infection, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Hehe ZhaoNational Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
Jun JiangDepartment of HIV/AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China.
Chengliang ChaiDepartment of HIV/AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China.
Xiaohong PanDepartment of HIV/AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China.
Fan LyuNational Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
Hui XingNational Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
Yi FengNational Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
Wei ChengDepartment of HIV/AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China.
Guixia LiMicrobiology Laboratory, Taizhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, China.
Jianhua MeiMicrobiology Laboratory, Lishui Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui, China.
Ping ZhongDepartment of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China.
Zhihong GuoDepartment of HIV/AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China.
Xin ZhouDepartment of HIV/AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China.
Qin FanDepartment of HIV/AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China. qfan@cdc.zj.cn.
Jiafeng ZhangDepartment of HIV/AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China. jfzhang@cdc.zj.cn.

Funding

Basic Public Welfare Research Program of Zhejiang Province LGF20H260002Beijing Natural Science Foundation L234008National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC2305201Science and Technology Plan Project for Disease Prevention and Control of Zhejiang Province 2025JK190Zhejiang Provincial Medicine and Health Science and Technology Plan 2022PY047
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo understand the geographic origins, transmission hotspots, and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) of HIV-1 CRF08_BC in Zhejiang Province, China.

methodsThis study analyzed HIV-1 CRF08_BC pol sequences collected between 2020 and 2023. Bayesian inference was employed to investigate temporal epidemic trends, while HIV-TRACE and MCODE were used to identify transmission clusters (TCs), key hotspots and super-spreaders. DRMs associated with CRF08_BC were also characterized. Additionally, demographic data were integrated with these findings, allowing for a description of the transmission dynamics.

resultsThis study revealed that CRF08_BC strains in Zhejiang likely originated from Guangxi, with significant transmission among individuals aged 50 and older, particularly those with low educational levels. Molecular transmission analysis showed that 58.9% of CRF08_BC sequences were in TCs, with geographic concentrations in Taizhou (TZ) and Lishui (LS). 14 large clusters maintained effective reproductive numbers (Re) above 1, representing considerable epidemic growth. Hangzhou (HZ) emerged as a key transmission hub, with 10 TCs showing active transmission. LS established strong epidemiological links with HZ, Ningbo (NB), Taizhou (TZ), and Wenzhou (WZ), creating a pattern of viral spread radiating from LS to surrounding areas. DRMs were identified in 76 cases (6.0%), with NNRTI and NRTI mutations exhibiting distinct geographic clustering.

conclusionsThe CRF08_BC strains in Zhejiang likely originated from Guangxi and are mainly found in individuals aged 50 and older with low education. The current epidemic hotspots are in TZ and LS, where NNRTI and NRTI mutations are clustered, significantly impacting treatment efficacy.

Indexed as

Disease HotspotDrug Resistance, ViralHIV-1HIV InfectionsMutationAdolescentAdultAgedChinaFemaleGenotypeHumansMaleMiddle AgedPhylogenyYoung AdultCRF08_BCDRMGeographic originsPhylodynamicTransmission cluster

Identifiers

PMID40198508

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.